欧盟ETS下航空运输企业的能源效率评价研究——基于时间窗的非径向DEA模型

Research on Airlines Enterprises Energy Efficiency Evaluation under EU ETS:Based on a Non-radial DEA Windows Model

本文以航空运输企业能源效率为视角,揭示了欧盟以外主要国家航空运输企业一致反对将航空运输业纳入EU-ETS的深层原因。研究过程中构建了能源投入、非能源投入、期望产出和非期望产出的全要素能源效率评价体系,对能源-经济效率和能源-环境效率进行了有机整合,采用了基于时间窗的非径向DEA模型,对全球不同区域主要国家的15个航空运输企业在2006-2012年间的能源效率进行测量。实证结果表明:(1)遵守EU-ETS在短期内会减少航空运输企业的能源效率;(2)能耗结构是制约中国航空运输企业能源效率提升的关键因素。最后,针对EU-ETS对航空运输企业能源效率的影响,讨论了中国航空运输企业的应对策略。

From the perspective of airlines enterprises energy efficiency,this paper focuses on analyzing the underlying reasons why the airlines enterprises outside EU oppose consistently the law of bringing the airline industry to EU-ETS. During the research process,a total-factor energy efficiency evaluation model considering energy resources inputs,non-energy resources inputs,desirable outputs and undesirable outputs is put forward,and energy-environment efficiency and energy-economic efficiency are combined organically. Then,a non-radial DEA windows model is proposed to measure energy efficiency of 15 airlines enterprises from different countries around the world during the period of 2006-2012. The results show that:( 1) the energy efficiency of airlines enterprises will be reduced in a short period by abiding by the law of EU-ETS;( 2) the key factor restricting promotion of energy efficiency in Chinese airlines enterprises is energy consumption structure. Finally,some strategies of improving energy efficiency in China's airlines enterprises under the law of EU-ETS are discussed.