震后路网抢修排程与应急物资配送集成动态优化研究

Integrated Dynamic Optimization for Post-earthquake Road Network Repair Schedule and Relief Distribution

地震对交通系统造成的巨大破坏,阻碍了应急物资配送。为提高应急效率,降低灾害损失,需对受损路网实施抢修,而受损路网抢修的关键是确定受损路段的抢修顺序。本文综合考虑震后路网抢修与应急物资配送,从交通系统优化角度出发,建立震后路网抢修排程与应急物资配送集成动态双层规划优化模型,并根据模型特点,设计一种稳态混合遗传算法对模型进行求解。最后,以汶川大地震为背景,德阳市旌阳区为研究对象,设计算例对模型和算法的可靠性和有效性进行验证,并与路网抢修排程静态优化模型进行比较。结果表明:本文所建模型所给出的路网抢修方案优于路网抢修排程静态优化模型,路网抢修绩效平均提升15.9%,所设计的算法具有良好的收敛性和稳定性,能够为震后应急提供建议和帮助。

An earthquake often destroys the road network lifeline system and blocks the relief distribution.In order to improve the efficiency of emergency rescue and cut down the losses,we need to restore the damaged road network immediately.The key to repairing the damaged road network is to determine the sequence of repairing the damaged roads.In this paper,from the perspective of road network system optimization,we consider the road network repair and relief distribution simultaneously and develop a bi-level programming model for post-earthquake road network repair scheduling and relief distribution.Then,we develop a steady-state hybrid genetic algorithm(SSHGA)to solve this model in accordance with the characteristics of this model.Finally,we take a case study derived from the Wenchuan earthquake,the Jingyang District,Deyang City refers to the road network,to construct the numerical example to test and validate the reliability and effectiveness of mathematics model and algorithm.After that,we compare the utilities generated by dynamic road network repair scheduling with the static road network repair scheduling.The results show that:(1)the dynamic road network repair scheduling can provide a competitive road network repair strategy and the utilities generated by road network repair increase by 15.9%averagely;(2)the SSHGA has a good convergence and stability;(3)the results of road network repair scheduling and relief distribution planning can be used for decision-makers to optimize their decision.