基于提前支付的易变质产品批量订货策略研究

Inventory Lot-size Policies for Perishable Products Based on Advance Payments

对于有季节性需求的易变质产品,供应商通常要求零售商提前支付一定比例的购置成本作为定金,与此同时产品保质期在零售商的购买决策扮演了重要角色。本文主要研究了具有保质期的易变质产品批量订货决策,考虑了不存在缺货与缺货部分积压问题,引入了零售商向供应商提前支付购置成本的支付方式,探究了零售商对于易变质产品库存控制策略,理论分析与数值计算结果表明零售商提前预付款占比和产品保质期对零售商最优订货决策产生了显著性影响,适当缺货有利于零售商减少总成本,基于此,零售商应当切实重视预付款占比即产品保质期对其利润带来的消极影响,并利用好缺货存在的部分需求积压,减少经营总成本,提高盈利水平。

Suppliers of perishable products featured by seasonal demand usually require retailers to pay a certain percentage of the total purchase cost in advance as a deposit.Product’s shelf life is a very important factor that retails will think when making purchase decision.In this paper,we mainly study the batch ordering policy for perishable products with shelf life.Besides,we also take both no shortage and partial backlog problem into consideration to conduct comparison.The mode of advance payment to supplier is applied in our research.After model settling,Inventory control strategies for perishable products are explored.Theoretical analysis and numerical results show that retailer’s advance payment fraction and product shelf life have a significant impact on retailer’s optimal ordering policy.Appropriate shortage is conducive to reducing the retailers’total cost.Finally,we provide relevant policy recommendations for real-world enterprises.