收入分配、信贷约束对高等教育入学率的影响研究——基于146个经济体的实证分析

The Influence of Income Distribution and Credit Constraints on Tertiary Education Enrollment:An Empirical Analysis Based on 146 Economies

本文将养老保障水平融入收入分配、信贷约束与高等教育选择的世代交叠理论框架,并利用146个经济体的数据测度了其影响效应。按养老保障水平高低进行分组分析发现,收入分配、信贷约束对高等教育入学率的影响存在广泛的跨经济体差异并与养老保障水平有关。收入差距的扩大对高等教育入学率有阻碍作用,尤其是在高养老保障水平的经济体。信贷约束的降低对高等教育入学率有促进作用,且在低养老保障水平的经济体表现得更为突出。因此,对养老保障水平较高的经济体,缩小收入差距对提升高等教育入学率的作用更为显著;而对养老保障水平较低的经济体,减少信贷约束对提升高等教育入学率的作用更为有效。本研究对处于不同养老保障水平的经济体有差异化的政策含义。

By intergrading the pension rate into theoretical framework and using the multinational data of 146 economies,we investigate the influence mechanism of income distribution,credit constraints on tertiary education enrollment theoretically and empirically.The fractional analysis by pension level indicates that the influence mechanism of income distribution,credit constraints on tertiary education enrollment is highly correlated with pension rate.The enlargement of income disparity has a negative impact on tertiary education enrollment,especially in the economies with higher pension rate;while the increase in credit supply has positive effect on tertiary education enrollment,particularly in the economies with lower pension rate.Therefore,in the economies with high pension rate,it is more important to promote tertiary education enrollment by narrowing the income disparity.However,in economies with lower pension rate,it is more effective to upgrade tertiary education enrollment by reducing credit constraints.