明中后期来华耶稣会士笔下的回回人

Records of the Huihui by the Jesuits During the Mid-and-Late Ming Dynasty

明中后期来华耶稣会士对回回社会观察,涉及入华回回人来源、宗教及世俗生活、回回人自称他称、语言文字变迁等诸多方面,拼凑出域外视野中回回社会图景多维景观,反映了历史时期回回人本土化进程中时代特征,对此学界历来缺乏足够重视、鲜有探讨。本文在阅读梳理沙勿略、利玛窦、曾德昭、克路士等传教士相关文献基础上,分析其记载历史背景,探究文字背后的心态,认识耶稣会士有关回回人记载的时代价值,以期深化对明中后期回回人及其历史状况的认知。

During the mid-and-late Ming Dynasty,the Jesuits’observed the Huihui society,including their origin,religion and secular life,their language,their appellation etc..This observation presented an overview of the Huihui people,and revealed the process of localization of the Huihui in history.So far,no systematic dicussionhas been done yet about these observations.This article,based on the related sources of the missionaries of Francisco Javier,Matteo Ricci,álvaro Semedo and Gaspar da Cruz,analyzes the historical background of the records,the mentality behind the records and the historical value of the Jesuits’s early records of the Huihui people,for the purpose to deepening the comprehension of the Huihui groups and their life during the mid-and-late Ming Dynasty.