古罗马城市遗址印象与景观再造——中央电视台新址(CCTV)景观设计的观略

Impression and Landscape Reconstruction of Urban Sites in Ancient Rome——View on Landscape Design of CCTV New Site

研究城市历史变迁的人知道,古罗马城是古罗马帝国的中心所在,由四个主要的街区组成。而其城市遗址早已湮没在历史的长河中,不过其大致的历史真貌被18世纪意大利著名版画家及雕刻家皮拉内西以版画的形式展现于世人面前并得以流传下来。但其与中央电视台景观工程又有何关联呢?其实,中央电视台景观工程(含主楼CCTV区域,电视文化中心TVCC区域、服务楼区域及媒体公园)恰有四个组成部分,其与古罗马城的四个街区也有形式上的类比性,在这一点上双方找到了契合点。在央视整体景观规划中,恰是以古罗马城遗址废墟为灵感,以四个主要街区为画板,以景观元素为画笔,勾勒出以古罗马城遗址废墟为背景的景观画卷。本文以央视景观设计项目为例,试图在遵循城市大型建筑体景观设计的一般规律的基础上,探寻建筑景观项目多样性的景观设计手法,并以此作为有益的借鉴。

Those who study the historical changes of cities know that the city of ancient Rome was the center of the Roman Empire and consisted of four main blocks. Its urban ruins have long been obliterated in the history, but its general historical truth was presented to the world in the form of prints by the famous Italian printmaker and sculptor Piranesi in the 18 th century and can be handed down. But how does it relate to the landscape project of CCTV? In fact, CCTV Landscape Project(including CCTV area of main building, TVCC area of TV cultural center, service building area and media park) has exactly four components, and it has formal analogy with the four blocks of ancient Rome City. On this point, the two sides have found a point of convergence. In the overall landscape planning of CCTV, it is inspired by the ruins of the ancient Roman city, with four main blocks as the drawing board and landscape elements as the brush, that outlines the landscape scroll with the ruins of the ancient Roman city as the background. Taking the landscape design project of CCTV as an example, this paper attempts to explore the diversity of landscape design methods of architectural landscape projects on the basis of following the general law of landscape design of large-scale buildings in cities, and as a useful reference.