一种危害草坪的新害虫——结缕草象甲

New record of a hunting billbug,Sphenophorus venatus Chittenden(Coleoptera:Dryophthoridae),on turfgrass in China

本文报道了一种新的危害草坪的害虫,经分子生物学和形态学鉴定,确定其为一种外来入侵物种——结缕草象甲(Sphenophorus venatus Chittenden),属中国新纪录害虫。调查发现,结缕草象甲主要寄主植物为草坪草日本结缕草(Zoysia japonica)和矮生百慕达(Cynodon dactylon),2012年3月,该虫在上海辰山植物园两种草坪上的种群分别达到了6.64和22.07头/m^2。鉴于结缕草象甲在上海、三沙等两地被发现,表明该虫已经在我国成功定殖,其入侵将威胁我国草坪产业和园林绿化健康发展,需要引起足够的重视。

An invasive insect species on lawns was newly recorded in Shanghai,eastern China. In order to determine its taxonomic identity,host and damage,we conducted its identification by sequencing mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I(COI) gene following morphological comparison and identification. Its occurrence and damage on lawn in Shanghai were also investigated. Based on both morphology and molecular data sets,the pest was identified as the hunting billbug,Sphenophorus venatus Chittenden(Coleoptera:Dryophthoridae),a new record in China. According to the systematic field investigation,we found it damaged seriously to the turfgrass Zoysia japonica and Cynodon dactylon. In Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden at Mar,2012,the average population density of this pest in Z. japonica and C. dactylon reached 6.64 and 22.07 individuals/m^2 respectively. We also collected some specimens of the hunting billbug by light traps in Sansha,Hainan province. Due to its exotic and established characteristics as well as serious economic effects in the new regions,we,therefore,suggest that integrated management should be carried out immediately to reduce the threat to turfgrass and gardening landscape in China.