粤东的红树林

THE MANGROVE IN COAST OF EAST GUANGDONG PROVINCE

红树林是热带海岸一种特殊的植被类型,约分布于南、北纬32°之间的沿海地段,但以赤道热带地区为主。它生长茂密、种类丰富,其中尤以马来半岛及其邻近的岛屿更为丰富。它大体上分为两大群系:即印度和西太平洋海岸的东方群系和美洲、西印度群岛及西非海岸的西方群系。东方和西方群系在它们的外貌及生态关系上都是类似的,但前者种类比较丰富。

Rhizophora stylosa, Heritiera littoralis and Lumnitzera racemosa are the new records of geographical distribution of the mangrove floristic composition in the coast district of east Guangdong. In the mangrove of this coast district, there are 13 families, 20 genera, 20, species, making up 24% of the total species of mangrove of the world, less than Hainan Island but almost equal to west Guangdong. It shows the physiognomy and structure of shrubland and forest. According to the floristic composition, physiognomy, structure and characteristics of habitat, it may be divided into two types: beach-mangrove and coast-semimangrove and seven formations.The distribution of mangrove in the coast of east Guangdong indicates the situation of the mangrove of this district in the geographical distribution of mangrove in the world and the tropical character of vegetation and the transition of vegetation from tropics to subtropics in this district.