郁金香鳞茎更新与植物激素变化关系

Relationship between phytohormone changes and bulb renewal of tulip

提高郁金香更新鳞茎的利用率是郁金香种球产业化中的关键问题,而郁金香更新鳞茎数的多少与鳞茎品质直接相关。掌握更新鳞茎产生过程中植物激素的变化规律是提高更新鳞茎品质的前提。本研究观察了6个郁金香品种在上海地区温室大棚种植过程中母球的生长发育情况、更新鳞茎数目及这一过程中植物激素的变化情况,以分析郁金香母球植物激素及种球重量等因素对更新鳞茎数目的影响。研究结果表明:不同品种郁金香在种植过程中产生更新鳞茎的数目不同,其中‘紫旗’和‘阳光王子’更新鳞茎数目多,种球退化现象最为严重。综合分析植物激素、种球重量与更新鳞茎数目的相关性,发现不同品种中IAA、ABA、GA3、种球重量与更新鳞茎数目的相关性不同,其中IAA在‘甘德狂想曲’、‘紫旗’、‘粉色印象’、‘阳光王子’ 4个品种中与更新鳞茎数极显著相关; ABA在‘甘德狂想曲’、‘紫旗’、‘粉色印象’、‘红色印象’ 4个品种中与更新鳞茎数极显著相关; GA3在‘甘德狂想曲’、‘紫旗’ 2个品种中与更新鳞茎数极显著相关;种球重量在‘甘德狂想曲’、‘红色印象’、‘阳光王子’ 3个品种中与更新鳞茎数目极显著相关。综合分析表明:ABA、IAA、GA3及种球重量对郁金香更新鳞茎的发生及更新鳞茎数目的多少起关键作用。

Improving the utilization rate of tulip bulbs is important in the industrialization of tulip bulbs,while the number of renewal bulbs directly affect the quality of bulbs.Mastering the changes of phytohormones during the process of regenerating bulbs formation is the prerequisite for improving the quality of bulbs.The growth and development of the mother bulb was observed as well as the changes of phytohormones and the number of renewal bulbs in the greenhouse cultivation of six tulip cultivars.Results showed that the number of renewal bulbs in the six cultivars was different.Among them,‘Purple Flag’and‘Sunny Prince’had more renewal bulbs and more serious degeneration phenomenon.A comprehensive analysis of the correlation between plant hormones,bulb weight and number of renewal bulbs was conducted.Results revealed that the correlation between IAA,ABA,GA3,bulb weight and number of renewal bulbs varied among different cultivars.IAA had a significant correlation with the number of renewal bulbs in‘Gander’s Rhapsody’,‘Purple Flag’,‘Pink Impression’and‘Sunny Prince’.ABA had a significant correlation with the number of renewal bulbs in‘Gander’s Rhapsody’,‘Purple Flag’,‘Pink Impression’and‘Red Impression’.GA3 had a significant correlation with the number of renewal bulbs in‘Gander’s Rhapsody’and‘Purple Flag’.Bulb weight had a significant correlation with the number of renewal bulbs in‘Gander’s Rhapsody’,‘Red Impression’and‘Sunny Prince’.It is speculated that the weight of the mother bulbs,ABA,IAA and GA3 play a key role in the occurrence and quantity of tulip renewal bulbs.