云南主栽食用玫瑰花香成分及关键花香基因表达分析

Analysis of volatile components and scent-related gene expressions of edible roses in Yunnan

本文采用顶空固相微萃取气质联用技术(HS-SPME/GC-MS)对3种云南主栽食用玫瑰‘墨红’(Rosa ‘Crimson Glory’)、‘滇红’(R. gallica ‘Dianhong’)及‘金边玫瑰’(R.‘Jinbian’)的盛开期花瓣进行了挥发性成分测定。结果表明,除内标癸酸乙酯外,‘滇红’和‘墨红’相同物质共12种,分别占挥发性物质总量的93.232%和56.864%。两者都含有大量的香茅醇、香叶醇、苯乙醇、柠檬醛和芳樟醇等成分,而‘墨红’还含有少量的丁香酚及大根香叶烯D等。‘金边玫瑰’的芳香物质主要为苯乙醇,其释放量较低。进一步采用RT-qPCR分析了3个关键花香酶基因磷酸水解酶基因(RhNUDX1)、苔黑酚氧位甲基转移酶基因(RhOOMT1)和苯基乙醛还原酶基因(RhPAR)在食用玫瑰盛开期花瓣中的表达。其中, RhNUDX1基因在‘滇红’中表达量最高,其次是‘墨红’,在‘金边玫瑰’中并未表达,这与香叶醇定量分析结果相一致。RhPAR基因在‘滇红’和‘墨红’中表达量基本一致,最低的是‘金边玫瑰’。RhOOMT1基因表达量由高到低依次是‘墨红’>‘滇红’>‘金边玫瑰’。RhOOMT1基因和RhPAR基因的表达与GC-MS检测对应芳香物质的释放存在一定差异。

The volatile components of Rosa‘Crimson Glory’,R.gallica‘Dianhong’and R.‘Jinbian’were analyzed by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that there were 13 common components in rose‘Dianhong’and‘Crimson Glory’,they account for 93.323%and 56.864%of the total components,respectively.The common dominant volatile compounds of rose‘Dianhong’and‘Crimson Glory’were citronellol,geraniol,phenylethanol,citral,linalool and so on.However,a small amount of eugenol and germacrene-D were specific in rose‘Crimson Glory’.Phenethyl alcohol was the most dominant compounds in rose‘Jinbian’,but the total emission amount of rose‘Jinbian’was lower than those of other two roses.Furthermore,the expression difference of three key scent-related genes RhNUDX1,RhOOMT1 and RhPAR were analyzed by RT-qPCR.RhNUDX1 had the highest expression level in‘Dianhong’and‘Crimson Glory’,and there was no detected RhNUDX1 expression in‘Jinbian’.These findings were consistent with the results of quantitative analysis of geraniol.The expression levels of RhOOMT1 were higher in‘Crimson Glory’and gallica‘Dianhong’than that in‘Jinbian’.The expression level of RhPAR in‘Dianhong’was basically the same with‘Crimson Glory’,and the lowest expression level in‘Jinbian’.The gene expression of RhOOMT1 and RhPAR were different from that of corresponding aromatic substances detected by GC-MS.