“南染吴越、北杂夷虏”与魏晋南北朝汉语的地理差异

“Nan Ran Wu Yue,Bei Za Yi Lu” and Dialectal Distinction between North and South in Wei-Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties

本文从历史文献钩稽和历史语言学分析两个方面,讨论了魏晋南北朝时期汉语在南、北的差异。通过结合南方少数民族语言,说明颜之推《颜氏家训·音辞篇》所说的'南染吴越',反映了当时侗台语与江东土著方言之间的纠葛;同样地,'北杂夷虏'则是北人'胡语'对北方汉语方言的影响所致。文章还讨论了从邪、禅船、云匣、麻佳、鱼虞、支脂诸音类在汉语南、北方言的分合情形。

Relying on checking historical literatures and analyzing linguistic evidences,we discuss Chinese dialectal distinction in the period of Wei-Jin,Southern and Northern dynasties.The comment'南染吴越'in the YanshiJiaxun(《颜氏家训》)will be better explained if we notice the contact between minorities languages and Chinese dialects in the South and North China.Besides,we analyze the meger or divergence of some phonological categories like Cong(从)-Xie(邪),Chan(禅)-Chuan(船),Yun(云)-Xia(匣),Ma(麻)-Jia(佳),Yu(鱼)-Yu(虞),and Zhi(支)-Zhi(脂)in Chinese dialect in that time.