《琅琊王歌辞》其八史实考略

A Research on Historical Facts of The Eighth Songs of King Langya

《琅琊王歌辞》其八,历来都将其解为一首赞颂诗,认为此歌辞乃歌颂北朝时期某位广平公的美德,这是不得其宜的。考察历史记述并细读文本,可以明确《琅琊王歌辞》其八的创作在后秦弘始十三年(411年)至弘始十六年(414年)之间,为后秦广平公姚弼及其党羽为了实现夺嫡的计划而编造的'市巷讽议'之一,是一首严格意义上的谶言诗,表达的是阴谋家'马化为龙'即'当有臣为君者'的政治野心。

The Eighth Songs of King Langyais always considered as a poem of praise.It eulogizes the merits of one of the Guang Ping lord.However,it is not suitable to think in this way.After a careful study of historical records and the text,we contest that the poem is made between the thirteenth year of Hongshi(411)and the sixteenth year of Hongshi(414).It is one of the attempts made by the Guang Ping lord Yao Bi and his followers to manipulate public opinion on the fight for throne.It is,strictly speaking,a poem of prophecy.It represents the conspirator’s wish to turn a horse into a dragon and expresses his political ambition to change from a courtier into a king.