不同种衣剂对红芸豆根腐病防治效果研究

Control Effects of Different Types of Seed-Coating on the Root Rot Disease of Red Kidney Beans

为了筛选出对红芸豆生长安全且防治根腐病效果理想的种衣剂,首先采用室内盆栽试验,研究种衣剂处理对红芸豆生长的安全性,再通过田间药效试验筛选防效较高的种衣剂。盆栽试验结果表明:9个处理对红芸豆出苗率无显著性影响,但各处理对其初期生长有不同影响,60g/L戊唑醇悬浮种衣剂(flowable concentrate for seed coating,FSC)+600g/L吡虫啉FSC处理对红芸豆平均株高、根长、苗鲜重、苗干重均具有显著抑制作用;35%多·福·克FSC处理对苗干重有一定增加作用,但对平均株高、根长、苗鲜重均无显著性影响。大田试验结果表明,11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+27%苯醚·咯·噻虫FSC、18%噻灵·咯·精甲FSC、12%甲·嘧·甲霜灵+600g/L吡虫啉FSC和62.5g/L精甲·咯菌腈+600g/L吡虫啉FSC 4个处理播种后30d的防治效果显著高于35%多·福·克FSC处理,防效分别是80.04%、73.77%、63.46%、57.25%;其余3个处理防治效果较低,与35%多·福·克FSC处理差异不显著。与空白对照相比,35%多·福·克FSC处理增产率最高,为30.18%,12%甲·嘧·甲霜灵+600g/L吡虫啉FSC处理增产率最低,为12.57%,二者差异显著;其他6个处理增产幅度虽低于35%多·福·克FSC处理,高于12%甲·嘧·甲霜灵FSC+600g/L吡虫啉FSC处理,但与二者差异均不显著。综合室内安全性评价、防治效果、增产效果,11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+27%苯醚·咯·噻虫FSC、18%噻灵·咯·精甲FSC具有较好的应用前景,适合在生产中与其他防治措施综合应用。

In order to screen a safe for red kidney beans and efficient to control root rot disease seed-coating,the safeties of seed-coating on red kidney beans were determined by pot tests first,and then their control efficiency were evaluated by field tests.The results showed that seed-coating were all safe for seedling emergence,but the effects on growth were different.60 g/L tebuconazole+600 g/L imidacloprid FSC could retard the growth significantly on plant height,root length,seedling fresh weight,seedling dry weight;35%carbendazim·thiram·carbofuran FSC could increase seedling dry weight,but no significant effects on plant height,root length,seedling fresh weight.In the field experiment,the control effects of 11%metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil·azoxystrobin+27%difenoconazole·fludioxonil·thiamethoxam FSC,18%thiabendazole·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M FSC,12%thiophanate-methyl·metalaxyl·azoxystrobin+600 g/L imidacloprid FSC,62.5 g/L metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil+600 g/L imidacloprid FSC was significantly higher than 35%carbendazim·thiram·carbofuran FSC at 30 days after sowing,their control effects was 80.04%,73.77%,63.46%and 57.25%,respectively;the control effects of other three treatments were lower but had no significant difference from 35%carbendazim·thiram·carbofuran FSC treatment.Compared with the blank control treatment,35%carbendazim·thiram·carbofuran FSC treatment had the highest yield increase rate of 30.18%,and 12%thiophanate-methyl·metalaxyl·azoxystrobin+600 g/L imidacloprid FSC treatment had the lowest yield increase rate of 12.57%.The yield increase rate of the other 6 treatments was lower than 35%carbendazim·thiram·carbofuran FSC treatment,higher than12%thiophanate-methyl·metalaxyl·azoxystrobi·azoxystrobin+600 g/L imidacloprid FSC treatment,but the difference between these treatments was not significant.In combination with the indoor safety evaluation,control and yield increase effect,11%metalaxyl-M·fludioxonil·azoxystrobin+27%difenoconazole·fludioxonil·thiamethoxam FSC,18%thiabendazole·fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M FSC have good application prospects and are suitable in production comprehensive application with other prevention control measures.