调研黑龙江大豆蛋白加工产业链实践报告

A Report of Investigation on the Industrial Cluster of Soybean Protein Processing in Heilongjiang

就国产大豆衰落的问题,本调研团队通过对黑龙江大豆产区的实地调研,发现农民不种大豆的主要原因是大豆种植利润低于玉米等其他作物。同时,团队对三种种植组织模式——个体散户、农业专业合作社和国有农场——中农民的利益保障、大豆生产的可持续性以及与大豆加工环节对接的能力进行了优劣比较,并考察了大豆蛋白加工产业的原料需求条件、加工流程特性、产品定位以及未来出路。团队通过分析调研情况,认为农业合作社的规模化经营与大豆生产环节和加工环节的直接对接有可能解决国产大豆目前的困境。

After a field investigation of the problem of decline in domestic production of soybean in the soybean-growing areas in Heilongjiang,it is found that the direct reason behind the farmers’unwillingness to grow soybean lies in the low profitability of soybean cultivation in relation to growing maize and other crops.Our study compares three modes of cultivation:independent households,agricultural specialized cooperatives,and state-owned farms,respectively,and inquires into their different implications for the farmers’income,the sustainability of soybean production,and the smoothness between different links of soybean processing.We further investigate the demand for raw materials in soybean processing,the process of production,and the marketing of products.It is concluded that the solution to the decline in domestic production of soybean can be found in promoting large-scale agricultural cooperatives that integrate production-processing-sales.