此集体非彼集体——为社区性、综合性乡村合作组织探路

This Kind of Collective is Not That Kind of Collective——In Search of a Path of Communitarian and Integrated Cooperatives

本文梳理了围绕农村集体经济制度改革的30余年历史,分辨了人民公社集体、股份合作制集体和社区合作集体;合作经济、集体经济、股份经济与社区(社群)经济的不同,提出不宜将适合发达地区的农村集体经济产权制度改革推向全国。本文以蒲韩模式和金店模式为例说明,借鉴东亚综合农协经验和本土经验的社区性、综合性乡村合作组织,是在公社集体制和公司制或股份合作制之外,能激发村庄活力和形成经济社会良性循环的第三条路。

This paper combs through more than 30 years of the rural collective economic system reforms and distinguishes the conceptual differences among the People’s Communes collective,the joint stock cooperative collective,and the community cooperative collective,and among the cooperative economy,the collective economy,the shareholding economy,and the community economy.This paper argues that it is not suitable to simply and rashly push forward the practice of China’s most developed areas’rural collective economy property rights system to the whole country.Taking the Puhan model and Jindian model as examples,this paper shows that by absorbing the experiences of the East Asian farmers’integrated cooperatives,their experiences in local community development,and also the comprehensive rural cooperative organizations in China's Mainland,there exists a third possible way to bring forth the vitality of village communities and generate healthy and sustainable rural development,in preference to the old rural collective Commune system and the corporate or joint stock co-op models.