家庭社会经济地位处境不利初中生校园受欺负潜在类别及其与情绪适应的关系

Latent classes of campus victimization and emotional adjustment in middle school students from economically disadvantaged families

目的:了解家庭社会经济地位处境不利初中生受欺负的潜在类别及其与情绪适应的关系。方法:选取家庭社会经济地位指数(含父母受教育水平、父母职业和家庭物质资源)低于全国均值一个标准差的八年级学生10191名,采用校园受欺负量表(CBSS)调查校园受欺负状况,采用儿童青少年幸福感量表(SWB)、儿童抑郁量表自评简版(CDI)、学校态度量表(SASS)调查情绪适应状况。结果:校园受欺负存在言语-身体-关系受欺负组(6.5%),言语-身体受欺负组(11.2%),言语-关系受欺负组(9.9%)和未发生组(72.4%)4个潜在类别。不同校园受欺负潜在类别学生的SWB、CDI、SASS得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。多分类logistic回归分析显示,男生在"言语-身体受欺负"上发生率高(OR=0.48),留守儿童在"言语-身体-关系受欺负"上发生率高(OR=0.66),女生在"言语-关系受欺负"上发生率高(OR=1.24)。结论:校园受欺负有4个潜在类别。4个潜在类别对情绪适应的影响不同,不同潜在类别的发生率与性别、是否留守有关。

Objective:To explore the latent classes of campus victimization in middle school students from families disadvantaged in social and economic status.Methods:Totally 10 191 eighth-grade students were tested in the study,their family socio-economic status indices(including the level of education of parents,parents' occupation and family material resources) were a standard deviation lower than the national average.The Campus Bully Scale of Student(CBSS) was used to assess their bullying in campus,Index of Children's Subjective Well-Being(SWB),Children's Depression Inventory(CDI) and School Attitude Scale for Student(SASS) were used to assess their emotional adjustment.Results:Among middle school students from families disadvantaged in social and economic status,4 latent classes were identified,including verbal-physical-relationship victims(6.5%),verbal-physical victims(11.2%),verbal-relational victims(9.9%) and non-occurrence group(72.4%).There were significant differences in the scores of SWB,CDI and SASS between the latent classes of students(Ps <0.001).Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that boys(OR =0.48) were associated with higher occurrence rate of verbalphysical victim s,lef t-behind students(OR=0.66) were associated with higher occurrence rate of verbal-physicalrelationship victims,and girls(OR = 1.24) were associated with higher occurrence rate of verbal-relational victims.Conclusion:It suggests that victimization could be divided into 4 different latent classes.Emotional adjustment level differs in different classes,and the occurrence rate of different latent classes is related to gender and whether they are left behind.