在华留学生的心理痛苦与文化适应压力和应对的关系

Relation of psychological distress to acculturative stress and coping among international students in China

目的:调查在华留学生的心理痛苦水平,检验文化适应压力、应对及其交互作用与心理痛苦的关系。方法:选取华中某市留学生373人[在华平均时间(2. 2±1. 7)年;男生248人,女生125人],采用简明症状调查表(BSI-18)、留学生文化适应压力量表(ASSIS)和应对调查表(COPE)测量在华期间的心理痛苦、文化适应压力和应对(积极应对和消极应对)。结果:在华留学生的BSI-18得分为(0. 66±0. 72)。BSI-18得分与ASSIS得分、COPE消极应对得分正相关(r=0. 49、0. 31,均P <0. 001);多元回归分析表明,文化适应压力、消极应对、文化适应压力×消极应对均与心理痛苦正向关联(β=0. 43、0. 19、0. 26)。结论:文化适应压力和消极应对与心理痛苦相关,在高文化适应压力条件下,消极应对对心理痛苦的效应更大。

Objective:To investigate the psychological distress,and examine the effects of acculturative stress,positive coping,and negative coping and their interaction on psychological distress among international students in China.Methods:Totally 373 international students were surveyed from central China(being in China of(2.2±1.7)years,248 males,and 125 females)Psychological distress was measured with the short version of Brief Symptom Inventory(BSI-18),acculturative stress was measured with the Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students(ASSIS),and positive coping(PC)and negative coping(NC)were measured with the Cope Inventory(COPE).Results:The average score of BSI-18 was(0.66±0.72).The BSI-18 scores were positively correlated with the scores of ASSIS and NC(r=0.49,0.31,Ps<0.001).Multiple regression showed that the scores of ASSIS,NC,and interaction of ASSIS and NC were positively correlated with the BSI-18 scores(β=0.43,0.19,0.26).Conclusion:Acculturative stress and negative coping are important related factors for psychological distress,and for students suffering higher acculturative stress,the effect of negative coping on psychological distress is larger.