乡村振兴背景下农村产业发展的方向与路径

The Direction and Path of Rural Industry Development in the Context of the Rural Revitalization Strategy

农村产业发展既面对严重危机,也面临重大发展机遇,决定了必须摒弃工业化农业的发展路径,走产业生态化与生态产业化的新型发展道路。工业化农业效益低且负外部性极大、经济下行压力下返乡农民工数量激增等是需要面对的问题。而农村的生态文化价值的日益凸显、农村基础设施的不断完善、中等收入群体的逐渐扩大、"互联网+"带来的新思维、新业态,以及集体产权制度改革提供的制度保障,为新型农村产业发展道路提供了重大机遇。产业生态化与生态产业化的本质要求在于将以前不被市场定价的农村的自然环境、传统文化风俗等资源赋值并实现资本化。当前,要以生态文明理念为指导持续推进乡村振兴战略,鼓励支持市民与农民对等谈判、平等交易,坚持和完善相关法律、法规和政策,推进生态文化资源价值实现制度的创新。

In the face of both serious crises and major development opportunities,the rural industrial development has to abandon the path of industrialized agriculture and take a new path of industrial ecology and ecological industrialization.Low efficiency and great negative externalities proceeded from industrialized agriculture,and the surge in the number of migrant workers returning to the countryside under the pressure of economic downturn are problems that needs to be taken into account.On the other hand,the positive factors,including the increasingly prominent rural ecological and cultural value,the constant improvement of rural infrastructure,the gradual expansion of middle-income demographic,new thinking brought about by'Internet+',the new forms of industry,and the institutional guarantee offered by reform of the collective property rights system,will offer great opportunities for the development of new rural industry.The essence of industrial ecology and ecological industrialization lie in that the natural environment and traditional culture and customs,and other rural resources that were previously not priced,are evaluated and capitalized.At present,we should continue to promote the rural revitalization strategy guided by the vision for advancing ecological civilization,encourage fair bargains and equal trade between urban and rural citizens,adhere to and improve relevant laws,regulations and policies,so as to promote innovations in the system for realizing the value of ecological and cultural resources.