肺功能参数在哮喘患儿与正常儿童中的差异性及其临床意义

Differences and Clinical Significance in Pulmonary Function Parameters between Children with Asthma and Normal Children

目的:分析肺功能参数在哮喘患儿与正常儿童中的差异性及其临床意义。方法:将2017年1月-2018年10月本院收治的296例小儿哮喘患儿作为研究对象,其中114例处于急性发作期,108例处于慢性持续期,74例处于哮喘缓解期,另将同期到本院体检并行肺通气功能检查的健康儿童257例作为正常对照组。使用德国JAEGER公司生产的MasterScreen型肺功能仪进行检测,比较两组儿童及不同分期哮喘儿童肺功能参数[用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV_1)、1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值(FEV_1/FVC)、用力呼气时最高呼气流速(PEF)、最大呼气中期流量(MMEF75/25)、最大通气量(MVV)、用力呼出25%肺活量最大流速(FEF25)、用力呼出50%肺活量最大流速(FEF50)、用力呼出75%肺活量最大流速(FEF75)]的差异性。结果:与正常对照组相比,哮喘组患儿主要肺功能参数FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、PEF、MMEF75/25、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,急性发作期、慢性持续期、哮喘缓解期患儿主要肺功能参数FEV_1、PEF、MMEF75/25、MVV、FEF25、FEF50、FEF75均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同分期哮喘儿童肺功能参数由低到高依次为急性发作期、慢性持续期、哮喘缓解期,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:哮喘患儿肺功能参数明显低于正常儿童,不同分期哮喘儿童肺功能参数存在明显差异性,进行肺功能检测对小儿哮喘的临床诊断、病情判定、疗效评估、预后判断有重要意义。

Objective:To analyze the difference and clinical significance of pulmonary function parameters in children with asthma and normal children.Method:A total of 296 children with asthma in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2018 were enrolled in the study.Among them,114 cases were in acute attack, 108 cases were in chronic duration,and 74 cases were in asthma remission.In addition,257 healthy children in the same stage of physical examination and concurrent pulmonary ventilation function examination in our hospital were selected as normal control group.Tested Using MasterScreen spirometer from JAEGER,Germany was used,lung function parameters between two groups and children with different stages of asthma[forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),forced expiratory volume occupancy in the first second(FEV1/FVC),forced exhalation maximum expiratory flow rate(PEF),maximum expiratory mid-flow volume(MMEF75/25),maximum ventilation(MVV),forced exhalation of 25% maximum vital capacity(FEF25),forced exhalation of 50% maximum vital capacity(FEF50),forced exhalation Difference in 75% maximum vital capacity(FEF75)]were compared.Result:Compared with the normal control group,the main lung function parameters of the asthma group were FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,MMEF75/25,MVV,FEF25,FEF50 and FEF75,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the main pulmonary function parameters FEV1,PEF,MMEF75/25,MVV,FEF25,FEF50,and FEF75 were significantly decreased in children with acute attack,chronic duration and asthma remission,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The lung function parameters of children with different stages of asthma were from acute to chronic,chronic duration and asthma remission,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The lung function parameters of children with asthma are significantly lower than those of normal children.There are significant differences in lung function parameters between children with different stages of asthma.The detection of lung function is of great significance for the clinical diagnosis,disease judgment,efficacy evaluation and prognosis of children with asthma.