基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预对乳腺癌改良根治术患者康复的影响

Effect of Nursing Intervention Based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory for Rehabilitation of Breast Cancer Patients undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy

目的:探讨乳腺癌改良根治术患者采用基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预对其康复的影响。方法:选取2016年3月—2018年9月本院行乳腺癌根治术的患者86例。按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各43例。对照组采用常规干预措施,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预,对比两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、术后运动耐力情况及肩关节外展活动受限、外展肌群肌力下降发生情况。结果:干预后,观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组主观用力感觉评分低于对照组,距离及最大心率时间长于对照组,心率恢复时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组肩关节外展活动受限及外展肌群肌力下降发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于马斯洛需要层次理论的护理干预可有效改善乳腺癌改良根治术患者负性情绪,提高运动耐力,促进患者术后康复。

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on the rehabilitation of breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.Method:A total of 86 patients with breast cancer underwent radical mastectomy in our hospital from March 2016 to September 2018 were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and observation group,43 cases in each group.The control group adopted routine intervention measures,while observation group adopted nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on the basis of control group.The selfrating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),post-operative exercise endurance,shoulder abduction limitation and abductor muscle weakness between two groups were compared.Result:After intervention,the SAS and SDS scores of observation group were lower than those of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The subjective exertion sensation score of observation group was lower than that of control group,the distance and maximum heart rate time were longer than those of control group,and the heart rate recovery time was shorter than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of shoulder abduction limitation and abductor muscle weakness in observation group were lower than those of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory can effectively improve the negative emotions of breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy,improve exercise endurance,and promote the rehabilitation of patients after operation.