中医病名英译的“求同存异”

Analysis of Translation Methods of Disease Names of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Perspective of Seeking Common Ground While Reserving Differences

基于'求同存异'原则,选取现行具有权威性的4部汉英对照中医名词术语标准为语料来源,以具体病名的翻译为研究对象进行对比研究,分析4部标准的翻译异同,提出中医病名的翻译和传播策略:一是借用西医病名来翻译以'求同',二是采用音译或创造新的英文词汇来翻译以'存异',三是几种译法相结合以保持翻译的灵活性,四是参照'西医中译'时的做法,以保持中医理论体系的完整性为前提,使国外读者从整体上理解中医思维,并用中医思维来认识和学习中医。

On the basis principle of seeking common ground while reserving differences,the current authoritative Chinese-English terminology standard of TCM terms were selected as the source of the corpus.Some translation cases were selected to compare and analyze the difference of translation methods.Through comparing the translation of disease names of TCM in four representative translation versions,the author found several methods for the translation of TCM.1.Borrow western disease names to translate the TCM disease for'seeking common ground'.2.Use transliteration or create new English vocabulary to translate to'reserve differences'.3.Several translation methods combined to maintain the flexibility of translation.4.Combine the methods what we translate western medicine.At the same time,we should keep integrity of the theory of TCM and make foreign readers understand TCM thinking as a whole,and use TCM thinking to understand and learn TCM.