2016—2017年乌鲁木齐市大气细颗粒物中铝污染现状及其健康风险评价

Status of aluminum pollution in atmospheric fine particles and its health risk assessment in Urumqi from 2016-2017

目的了解乌鲁木齐市大气细颗粒物中铝的含量,分析铝污染现状及其可能对人体健康产生的危害。方法 2016—2017年期间,采用大流量采样器采集大气细颗粒物样品,并对样品中铝的质量浓度进行相关分析。结果大气细颗粒物中铝的平均质量浓度为172.83 ng/m3。乌鲁木齐市城北监测区2016与2017年铝的质量浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。大气细颗粒物中铝的地积累指数值>4。铝的质量浓度与气压、温度的相关系数分别为0.346、-0.417。大气细颗粒物中铝的非致癌风险系数HQ值在1.36×10^(-4)～3.62×10^(-4)之间。结论乌鲁木齐市城北监测区大气细颗粒物中铝浓度呈上升趋势。铝的地积累指数评价为强-极严重污染。铝的质量浓度与气压、温度等因素有关联。铝的非致癌风险系数低于EPA限值1,处于可接受水平。

[Objective] To understand the content of aluminum in atmospheric fine particles in Urumqi,analyze the present situation of aluminum pollution and its possible harm to human health.[Methods]During the period from 2016 to 2017,the samples of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere were collected with a large flow sampler and the mass concentration of aluminum in the samples was analyzed.[Results]The average mass concentration of aluminum in fine particulate matter WAS172.83 ng/m3. There was a statistically significant difference in the mass concentration of aluminum between 2016 and 2017 in the monitoring area of the north of Urumqi(P<0.01). The ground accumulation index of aluminum in fine particulate matter was more than 4. The correlation coefficients between the mass concentration of aluminum and the pressure and temperature were0.346 and-0.417 respectively. The non-carcinogenic risk coefficient(HQ) of aluminum in atmospheric fine particles ranged from1.36×10-4-3.62×10-4.[Conclusion]The concentration of aluminum in atmospheric fine particles in monitoring area of the north of Urumqi is on the rise.The ground accumulation index of aluminum is evaluated as strong-very serious pollution. The mass concentration of aluminum is related to air pressure,temperature and other factors. The non-carcinogenic risk factor of aluminum is below the EPA limit of 1 and is at an acceptable level.