大学生儿童期创伤、心理资本与自杀态度的关系

Relationships between childhood trauma,psychological capital and suicide attitude of college students

目的探讨儿童期创伤、心理资本与自杀态度的关系。方法选取700名高校本科生,采用儿童期创伤问卷简化版(CTQ-SF)、青少年心理资本问卷(PCQAS)、自杀态度问卷(QSA)及一般人口学问卷分别测量被试的儿童期创伤、心理资本、自杀态度和一般人口学变量。结果 CTQ-SF总分与对自杀行为性质的认识呈负相关(r=-0.23,P<0.01),与对自杀者的态度及对自杀者家属的态度呈正相关(r=0.19、0.25,均P<0.01);心理资本总分与对自杀行为性质的认识及对安乐死的态度均呈正相关(r=0.25、0.15,均P<0.01),与对自杀者家属的态度呈负相关(r=-0.19,P<0.01)。结构方程模型分析显示,儿童期创伤负向预测心理资本(β=-0.38,P<0.01);心理资本显著正向预测自杀态度(β=0.34,P<0.01),心理资本在儿童期创伤与自杀态度关系中起完全中介作用,且心理资本的中介效应值为0.18,占总效应的51.42%。结论儿童期创伤既能直接预测自杀态度,也可通过心理资本对其产生间接预测作用。

[Objective]To explore the relationships among childhood trauma,psychological capital and suicide attitude.[Methods]Totally 700 university students were selected.They were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ-SF),Psychological Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students Scale(PCQAS),Suicide Attitude Questionnaire(QSA)and socio-demographic questionnaire to evaluate the childhood trauma,psychological capital,suicide attitude and sociodemographic variables.[Results]The total scores of CTQ-SF were negatively correlated with the acknowledgement to the suicide nature(r=-0.23,P<0.01),but were positively correlated with attitudes to suicide and families of suicide(r=0.19,0.25,both P<0.01).The total scores of PCQASwere positively related to the acknowledgement to the suicide nature and attitude to euthanasia(r=0.25,0.15,both P<0.01),but were negatively related to the attitudes to the families of suicide(r=-0.19,P<0.01).Structural equation model analysis showed that childhood trauma negatively predicted psychological capital(β=-0.38,P<0.01),and psychological capital positively predicted suicide attitude(β=0.34,P<0.01).Psychological capital fully mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and suicide attitude.Moreover,the mediating effect size of psychological capital was 0.18,accounting for 51.42%of total effect.[Conclusion]The childhood trauma could predict suicide attitude directly,and predict it indirectly through psychological capital.