职业病危害事故调查处理的难点分析

Analysis difficulties in investigation and treatment of occupational-disease-inductive accidents

我国群发性职业病事件受到广泛关注,但职业病危害事故调查没有可依据的法规及政策性文件。现通过查阅相关领域事故文件,结合实际工作中存在的困难,针对职业病危害事故的定义、范围和特点,等级的划分及依据和调查过程中事故的报告、取证、结果落实等方面存在的难点进行分析,比较相关文件中职业病危害事故的定义及范围、事故等级的划分及依据,剖析目前职业病报告及取证存在的问题,提出建议。职业病危害事故不仅包括急性职业病,还应包括慢性职业病;等级划分时以1年为时间单位统计发病人数,同时还应考虑企业的规模、发病率等因素;理顺职业病上报途径等,以期为制定相关文件提供一些解决问题的新思路。

Occupational disease events attract much attention in our country,but the laws and normative documents of occupational-disease-inductive events investigation are lacked.By referring to accident documents in related fields and considering the difficulties existing in practical work,the authors analyze the difficulties about occupational disease events from several aspects as follows:the definition,scope and characteristics of occupational disease events,division of events grade and its basis,the reports of events,investigation and evidence collection.The paper compares the definition and scope,division of events grade and its basis of occupational-disease-inductive events in relevant documents,and analyses the existing problems in occupational disease reporting and obtain evidence.Then the authors provide some ideas of solving the problems:occupationaldisease-inductive accidents should include chronic occupational disease,it take one year as time unit to count that number of pathogenesis and take into consideration the scale of the enterprise and morbidity of workers,reporting of occupational diseases should be rationalized,so as to provide some ideas to solve the problems for the formulation of relevant documents.