铜陵市硫酸作业工人职业紧张现状及影响因素

Occupational stress status and its influencing factors in sulfuric acid workers of Tongling City

目的了解铜陵市硫酸作业工人的职业紧张现状,通过分析相关影响因素,为企业减轻硫酸作业工人职业紧张、保障劳动者身心健康提供参考依据。方法以铜陵市5家硫酸企业的498名硫酸作业工人作为调查对象,采取自行设计的一般人口学问卷和职业紧张量表(OSI-R)进行调查,并对数据进行统计分析。结果硫酸作业工人的职业任务量表(ORQ)、个体紧张反应量表(PSQ)和应对资源量表(PRQ)得分分别为185.44±23.25、98.83±15.61和124.81±20.76,其中ORQ得分高于常模(P<0.05),PRQ得分低于常模(P<0.05)。多因素线性回归分析显示PSQ与任务冲突、颈痛、责任感、工作环境及肩痛呈正相关(P<0.05),PSQ与任务模糊及年龄呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论硫酸作业工人的职业紧张水平较高,主要影响因素包括任务冲突、颈痛、责任感、工作环境、任务模糊、肩痛及年龄,应积极采取综合措施进行干预。

[Objective]To understand the status of occupational stress of sulfuric acid workers in Tongling City,provide reference for enterprises to alleviate the occupational stress of workers exposed to sulphuric acid and guarantee their physical and mental health through the analysis of the relevant influencing factors.[Methods]498 sulfuric acid workers from five enterprises in Tongling City were selected as the object.The self-designed general demographic questionnaire and the Occupational Stress Inventory Edition(OSI-R)were used to investigate,and the data were analyzed statistically.[Results]The score of Occupational Role question naire(ORQ),the Personal Strain Questionnaire(PSQ)and the Personal Resources Questionnaire(PRQ)was respectively 185.44±23.25,98.83±15.61 and 124.81±20.76,and the ORQ score was higher than the norm(P<0.05),while PRQ score was higher than the norm(P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that PSQ score was positively correlated with task conflict,neck pain,sense of responsibility,working environment and shoulder pain(P<0.05),while was score negatively correlated with task vague and age(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The occupational stress level of sulfuric acid workers is high,and mainly affected by task conflict,neck pain,sense of responsibility,working environment,task ambiguity,task vague shoulder pain and age.The comprehensive measures should be taken to intervene actively.