心理资本在急诊护士工作压力与工作疏离感之间的中介作用

Mediating effect of psychological capital on job stress and job alienation in emergency nurses

目的了解急诊护士工作疏离感现状,并探讨心理资本在工作压力和工作疏离感之间的作用,为急诊护理人力资源管理提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2018年2—5月在北京市7家三级综合医院工作的203名急诊护士进行调查,采用中国护士工作源表(CNSS)、心理资本量表、工作疏离感量表(WA)对急诊护士进行调查。结果急诊护士工作压力条目得分为2.22±0.56,心理资本条目得分为3.06±0.75,工作疏离感条目得分为2.65±0.74。急诊护士心理资本与工作疏离感呈负相关(r=-0.436,P<0.01);工作压力与工作疏离感呈正相关(r=0.519,P<0.01);心理资本与工作压力呈负相关(r=-0.522,P<0.01),心理资本在急诊护士工作压力与工作疏离感间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的33.92%。结论急诊护士心理资本在工作压力上对工作疏离感的影响起部分中介作用,提高护士的心理资本水平有助于降低护士的工作疏离感,降低护士离职率,有助于急诊护理队伍稳定发展。

[Objective]To understand the status quo of work alienation of emergency nurses,explore the role of psychological capital in work stress and work alienation,and provide reference for emergency nursing human resource management.[Methods]203 emergency nurses working in seven tertiary general hospitals in Beijing from February to May in 2018 were investigated by convenience sampling.The Chinese Nurses’Work Source Scale(CNSS),Mental Capital Scale and Work Alienation Scale(WA)were used to investigate the emergency nurses.[Results]The average score of work stress items in emergency nurses was 2.22±0.56,the average score of psychological capital items was 3.06±0.75 and the average score of work alienation entries was 2.65±0.74.There was a negative correlation between psychological capital and job alienation in emergency nurses(r=-0.436,P<0.01),there was a positive correlation between work stress and job alienation(r=-0.519,P<0.01),and psychological capital was negatively correlated with work stress(r=-0.522,P<0.01).Psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between job stress and job alienation,accounting for 33.92%of the total effect.[Conclusion]Emergency nurses’psychological capital partially mediates the influence of job stress on job alienation.Improving the level of psychological capital of emergency nurses is helpful to reduce the job alienation of nurses,increase the turnover rate of nurses and contribute to the steady development of emergency nursing team.