半定量综合指数法在深圳市某家具企业职业健康风险评估中的应用

Application of semi-quantitative comprehensive index method in occupational health risk assessment of a furniture manufacturing enterprise in Shenzhen City

目的对深圳市某家具制造企业化学毒物职业危害进行风险评估,为家具制造企业职业病危害关键控制点的风险管控提供依据。方法 2018年6—10月,调查深圳市某家具制造企业职业卫生现状和主要化学有害因素,采用GBZ/T 298-2017《工作场所化学有害因素职业健康风险评估技术导则》中推荐的半定量综合指数评估法进行风险评估。结果家具企业开料岗位的木粉尘风险指数(R)值为4,属于高风险等级;喷漆、压合、贴木皮、粘绵岗位的苯、甲醛,手磨岗位的木粉尘,裁剪岗位的甲醛R值为3,属于中等风险等级;其余岗位的有害因素R值为2,属于低风险。结论家具企业的工作场所环境可能对劳动者身体健康产生不良影响,其中需重点关注开料岗位高风险等级危害的木粉尘,管理中应根据不同的风险水平采取相应的控制措施。

[Objective]To evaluate the risk of occupational hazards causedby chemical poisons in a furniture manufacturing enterprise in Shenzhen,and provide the basis for the risk control of the key control points of occupational hazards in furniture manufacturing enterprises.[Methods]The occupational health status and major chemical hazards of a furniture manufacturing enterprise were investigated,and the risk assessment was carried out with the semi-quantitative comprehensive index assessment method recommended in GBZ/T 298-2017'Guidelines for occupational health risk assessment of chemicals in the workplace'.[Results]The risk index(R)value of wood dust at the material opening position of the furniture enterprise was 4,which was a high risk level.The R value of formaldehyde in the post of painting,pressing,wood veneer and sticky cotton was 3,which belonged to the medium risk level.The R value of harmful factors for other positions was 2,which was low risk.[Conclusion]The workplace environment of the furniture enterprise may have adverse effects on the physical health of the workers.Among them,attention should be paid to wood dust of high risk level in the cutting posts,and corresponding control measures should be taken according to different risk levels in the management.