医学院校大学生睡眠现状及影响因素

Sleep status and influencing factors of students in medical university

目的了解大学生睡眠现状,研究焦虑状况及其他因素对睡眠质量的影响。方法 2016年12月,通过整群随机抽样抽取广东医科大学624名在校大学生为调查对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表和焦虑自评量表(SAS)及自制影响睡眠因素调查表进行调查。结果 624名在校大学生的PSQI平均得分为6.30±2.69,有28.4%的大学生有睡眠质量问题。男女睡眠差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中女生PSQI得分、主观睡眠质量及睡眠障碍得分均高于男生。不同年级PSQI得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同专业PSQI得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。焦虑组与无焦虑组的PSQI得分及7个因子各得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,焦虑程度、学习压力、健康状况、锻炼频次、人际关系为大学生睡眠质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论大学生睡眠质量较差,欲提高大学生睡眠质量学校应重视心理健康教育,适当减轻课业压力,完善宿舍管理制度,学生自身应加强锻炼提高身体素质,积极创建良好的宿舍睡眠环境。

[Objective]To understand the sleep status of college students,and study the influence of anxiety and other factors on sleep quality.[Methods]A total of 624 college students in Guangdong Medical University were randomly selected as the survey subjects in December 2018,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scale,anxiety self-rating scale(SAS)and self-made questionnaire of factors affecting sleep were used for investigation.[Results]The average PSQI score of 624 college students was6.30±2.69,and 28.4%of them had sleep quality problems.There were significant differences in male and female sleep(P<0.05),among which female students had higher PSQI score,subjective sleep quality and sleep disorder score than male students.PSQI scores of different grades were statistically significant(P<0.05),while PSQI scores of different majors were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The differences of PSQI score and 7 factors between the anxious group and the non-anxious group were significant(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that anxiety level,learning pressure,health status,exercise frequency and interpersonal relationship were the influencing factors for sleep quality of college students(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The sleep quality of college students are poor.In order to improve the sleep quality of college students,schools should attach importance to mental health education,appropriately reduce the pressure of schoolwork,improve the dormitory management system,and students themselves should strengthen exercise to improve physical quality and actively create a good dormitory sleep environment.