乌鲁木齐市某区环卫女工空腹血糖水平与影响因素

Level of fasting blood sugar and its influencing factors among female sanitation workers in a district of Urumqi

目的分析环卫女工血糖检测水平及影响因素,为做好职业防护提供数据支持和方案建议。方法 2017年11月—2018年3月,选取乌鲁木齐市某区从事道路清洁的环卫女工225名作为暴露组,同时选取同一个区内参加全民健康检查的不接触职业危害因素的女性115名作为对照组,进行空腹血糖检测和统计学分析。结果环卫女工高血糖检出率为25.78%,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空腹血糖值较对照组相比差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同年龄空腹血糖检测结果比较,环卫女工30~<40岁和40~<50岁组空腹血糖值和高血糖检出率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。环卫女工中维吾尔族的空腹血糖值和高血糖检出率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。其他民族空腹血糖值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但高血糖检出率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。环卫女工中父母有糖尿病史、喜食甜食和自觉工作压力大的空腹血糖高的检出率分别为40.17%、33.66%和35.54%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同工龄环卫女工间空腹血糖高的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果表明工龄长和喜食甜食是导致环卫女工空腹血糖高的独立危险因素。结论应加强对暴露于多种职业有害因素的环卫女工空腹血糖的监测频率和防护知识培训,增强其自我保护意识,促进职业健康。

[Objective]To analyze the level of fasting blood sugar and its influencing factors among female sanitation workers,provide the data support and proposal for occupational protection.[Methods]225 female sanitation workers engaging in road cleaning in a district of Urumqi were recruited in the exposure group,while 115 non-exposed women who participated in the national health examination in the same district were selected as the control group.Fasting blood glucose detection and statistical analysis were conducted.[Results]Detection rate of hyperglycemia among female sanitation workers was 25.78%,and the difference was statistically significant between the exposure group and the control group(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the value of fasting blood glucose between the two groups(P<0.05).In 30-<40 and 40-<50 age groups,the value of fasting blood glucose and the detection rate of hyperglycemia in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The value of fasting blood glucose and the detection rate of hyperglycemia of Uygur workers in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The value of fasting blood glucose of other nationalities in the exposure group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of hyperglycemia between the two groups(P>0.05).The detection rate of hyperglycemia of female sanitati on workers with history of diabetes mellitus,a preference for sweets and high work stress was respectively 40.17%,33.66%and 35.54%,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of hyperglycemia among different working age groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that length of service and preference for sweets were the main risk factors for high fasting blood sugar in female sanitation workers.[Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring frequency of fasting blood glucose and the training of protection knowledge among female sanitation workers exposed to various occupational hazards so as to enhance self-protection awareness and promote occupational health.