北京市某区二级医院女护士职业倦怠感调查

Investigation on job burnout of female nurses in secondary hospitals of a district in Beijing

目的了解北京市某区二级医院女护士职业倦怠感现状,分析职业倦怠感的影响因素。方法 2018年7—10月,对北京市某区2家二级医院373名女护理人员采用普查的方法进行回顾性问卷调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果本次调查共发放问卷400份,回收有效问卷373份,回收率为93.25%。情绪疲惫感维度得分为21.99±11.81、工作冷漠感维度得分为5.90±6.00、工作成就感维度得分为31.84±10.65,与北京市社区护士得分比较,情绪疲惫感和工作成就感维度得分高于北京市社区护士得分,工作冷漠感维度得分均低于北京市社区护士得分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,每天照顾患者数、每天与患者接触时间占总工作时间的比例、每天锻炼时间和护龄是影响女护士情绪疲惫感维度的因素,每天锻炼时间和职称是影响女护士工作冷漠感维度的因素,婚姻状况、每天照顾患者数和职称是影响女护士工作成就感维度的因素。结论北京市某区二级医院女护士职业倦怠感整体处于轻度倦怠水平,其中工作成就感维度处于重度倦怠水平,医院管理层应该加以重视。护龄、职称、婚姻状况、每天照顾患者数、每天与患者接触时间占总工作时间的比例、每天锻炼时间是影响北京市某区二级医院女护士职业倦怠的重要因素,要针对影响因素采取措施,以减缓护士人群职业压力。

Objective To understand the status of job burnout of female nurses in secondary hospitals in a district in Beijing,analyze the influencing factors of job burnout.Methods A retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted among 373 female nurses in two secondary hospitals in a district of Beijing,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out and 373 valid questionnaires were collected,with a recovery rate of 93.25%.The scores of emotional exhaustion dimension,job apathy dimension and job achievement dimension were 21.99±11.81,5.90±6.00 and 31.84±10.65,respectively.The scores of emotional exhaustion and job achievement dimension were higher than those of community nurses in Beijing,while the scores of job apathy dimension were lower than those of community nurses in Beijing,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the number of patients cared for every day,the proportion of contact time with patients to total working time,exercise time and nursing age were the factors affecting the emotional exhaustion dimension of female nurses,daily exercise time and professional title were the factors affecting the female nurses’work apathy,marriage status,number of patients cared for every day and professional title were the factors affecting the female nurses’sense of work achievement.Conclusion The job burnout of female nurses in secondary hospitals of a district in Beijing is at a slight level,and the dimension of job achievement is at a severe level,which the hospital management should pay attention to it.Nursing age,professional title,marital status,number of patients cared for every day,the proportion of contact time with patients to total working time,daily and exercise time are the important factors affecting the job burnout of female nurses in secondary hospitals of a district in Beijing,so it is necessary to take the targeted measures to alleviate the occupational stress of nurses.