新媒体环境下农村中年居民健康信息素养现状及影响因素

Status of health information literacy and its influencing factors among rural middle-aged residents in new media environment

目的分析安徽省六安市及山东省青岛市两地农村中年居民健康信息素养现状,呼吁国家发挥新媒体优势作用,努力拓展新媒体环境下农村中年居民健康信息素养培养策略。方法 2018年6—7月,分层随机选取安徽省六安市及山东市青岛市两地1 499名农村中年居民进行入户面对面测评。结果两地健康信息素养项目均分分别为3.39±0.64和3.59±0.47;不同地区、性别、受教育程度、工作性质、互联网使用时间及智能手机使用时间得分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=6.666、5.339,F=169.374、139.568、286.458、436.741,均P<0.05);多元回归分析显示,受教育程度、工作性质、互联网使用时间及智能手机使用时间能正向预测健康信息素养水平,共解释健康信息素养46.8%的变异;农村中年居民应用新媒体获取、评价和利用健康信息的能力普遍偏低。结论农村中年居民为健康信息素养监测的重点对象,国家和乡村需共同努力,尽快发挥新媒体工具在健康信息素养教育中的优势作用。

Objective To analyze the status of health information literacy among rural middle-aged residents in Luan City of Anhui Province and Qingdao City of Shandong Province,appeal the state to promote dominant role of the new media and strive to expand the health information literacy training strategies for middle-aged rural residents under the new media environment.Methods 1 499 middle-aged rural residents were collected from Luan City of Anhui Province and Qingdao City of Shandong Province by a stratified and random sampling,to perform the face-to-face household assessment.Results The average score of health information literacy items in two areas was 3.39±0.64 and 3.59±0.47 respectively.There were statistically significant differences in scores among different groups in region,gender,education level,job type,Internet usage time and smart phone usage time(t=6.666,5.339,F=169.374,139.568,286.458,436.741,all P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis shows that education degree,job type,Internet usage time and smart phone usage time could positively predict the level of health information literacy level,which explained 46.8%of variation.The analysis of composition ratio showed that the ability of using new media to obtain,evaluate and use the health information among rural middle-aged residents was low.Conclusion The rural middle-aged residents are the key object of health information literacy monitoring.The state and villages need to work together to develop the advantages of new media tools in health information literacy education as soon as possible.