2002—2017年我国法定传染病发病率和死亡率时间变化趋势

Time trend of incidence and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2002-2017

目的分析2002—2017年中国45种法定传染性疾病的发病率和死亡率趋势,了解其流行规律及变化趋势,为今后制定高效的法定传染病防治策略提供参考依据。方法利用国家传染病网络直报系统数据,从中国公共健康科学数据中心提取2002—2017年45种法定传染性疾病的发病和死亡数据,并对数据进行分析。结果乙类传染病的死亡率和丙类传染病的发病率呈现上升趋势。年发病率最高的传染性疾病包括手足口病、乙型肝炎、其他感染性腹泻和结核病;死亡率最高的传染性疾病有肺结核、狂犬病、艾滋病和乙型肝炎;病死率最高的传染性疾病包括狂犬病、鼠疫、人感染高致病性禽流感、艾滋病和人感染H7N9禽流感。结论 2002—2017年我国乙类传染病的死亡率和丙类传染病的发病率并未得到有效控制,传染病仍然是威胁我国居民的主要健康问题。

Objective To analyze the trend of incidence and mortality of 45 notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2002-2017,understand its epidemic regularity and trends,and provide reference for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and control of notifiable infectious diseases in the future.Methods Based on the data of the National Infectious Disease Network Reporting System,the incidence and mortality data of 45 notifiable infectious diseases during the period from 2002-2017 were recruited from China public health science data center,and were analyzed.Results Mortality of class B infectious diseases and incidence of class C infectious diseases showed the rising trend.The infectious diseases with the highest annual incidence include hand,foot and mouth disease,hepatitis B,other infectious diarrhea and tuberculosis.The infectious diseases with the highest mortality rate were tuberculosis,rabies,AIDS and hepatitis B.The infectious diseases with the highest mortality rate included rabies,plague,human with highly pathogenic avian influenza,AIDS and human with H7 N9 avian influenza.Conclusion From2002-2017,the mortality rate of class B infectious diseases and the incidence of class C infectious diseases have not been effectively controlled in China,and the infectious diseases are still the main health problems threatening residents.