121例煤工尘肺肺功能分析

Pulmonary function analysis of 121 cases of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis

目的观察煤工尘肺患者肺功能指标与无尘肺接尘工人(0期)有无差异,了解不同期别煤工尘肺肺功能有无差异以及灌洗前后肺功能有无差异。方法 2018年1—8月选取应急总医院121例煤工尘肺(包括22例大容量肺灌洗患者)和86例0期工人的肺功能结果,比较两者指标的差异。结果 0期和煤工尘肺患者的1秒钟肺活量(FEV1)、肺活量实测值占预计值的百分比(VC)、75%的呼气流速实测值占预计值的百分比(MEF75%)、50%的呼气流速实测值占预计值的百分比(MEF50%)和25%的呼气流速实测值占预计值的百分比(MEF25%)5项指标不同(P<0.05);叁期患者1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)值低于壹期和贰期患者,患者行大容量全肺灌洗术后3个月残气量/肺总量(RV/TLC)值优于灌洗后1个月的值。结论煤工尘肺患者肺功能指标较0期工人明显降低,尚不能认为煤工尘肺患者肺功能严重程度与煤工尘肺期别有关以及大容量全肺灌洗术对煤工尘肺肺功能指标有改善作用。

Objective To observe whether there is any difference between the lung function index of patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and the dust-free lung dust-removing workers(stage 0),understand whether there is difference in lung function of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in different stages and whether there is difference in lung function before and after lavage.Methods From January-August 2018,the pulmonary function results of 121 coal worker’s pneumoconiosis patients(including22 patients with whole-lung lavage)in Emergency General Hospital and 86 workers in stage 0 were collected and compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),percentage of measured vital capacity to predicted value(VC),maximal expiratory flow at 75%,50%,and 25%of forced vital capacity(FVC)(MEF75%,MEF50%,MEF25%)between coal worker’s pneumoconiosis patients and workers in stage 0.The forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC)of phaseⅢpneumoconiosis patients was lower than that of phaseⅡand phaseⅠpneumoconiosis patients.The residual volume/total lung volume(RV/TLC)at three months after large volume whole lung lavage was better than that at one month after lavage.Conclusion The pulmonary function index of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis patients is significantly lower than that of workers in stage 0.It can’t be considered that the severity of pulmonary function of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis patients is related to coal worker’s pneumoconiosis stage,and is also can’t be considered that whole-lung lavage can improve the pulmonary function index of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis.