2011—2018年重庆市职业性噪声聋流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of occupational noise-induced deafness in Chongqing from 2011-2018

目的分析重庆市职业性噪声聋的发病和分布情况,为重庆市职业性噪声聋防治政策的制定提供参考依据。方法对2011—2018年重庆市报告的职业性噪声聋病例发病情况、发病年龄、接害工龄、地区及行业等分布情况进行分析。结果 2011—2018年重庆市累计报告职业性噪声聋病例555例,病例数呈现上升趋势;男性患者512例,女性43例,平均发病年龄为(46.03±7.44)岁,工龄中位数为10年;职业性噪声聋病例主要集中在主城区及渝西南地区,高发于制造业,制造业又以汽车制造业为主。结论 2011—2018年重庆市职业性噪声聋发病数呈逐年上升趋势,呈现明显的地区及行业分布,应重点加强汽车制造业、非金属矿物制品业、铁路、船舶、航空航天和其他运输设备制造业等行业噪声聋的防治工作。

Objective To analyze the incidence and distribution of occupational noise-induced deafness cases in Chongqing from2011-2018,provide reference for the formulation of prevention and treatment policy of occupational noise-induced deafness in Chongqing.Methods The occupational noise-induced deafness cases reported in Chongqing from 2011 to 2018 were studied as the research objects to analyze the incidence,age of onset,working age,and distribution of region and industry.Results From2011-2018,a total of 555 cases of occupational noise-induced deafness were reported in Chongqing,and the number of cases in creased year by year.There were 512 male cases and 43 female cases.The average onset age of occupational noise-induced deafness cases was(46.03±7.44)years old,and the median length of service was 10 years.The cases were concentrated in the main urban area and southwest of Chongqing,and the incidence in construction industry was high,especially automobile manufacturing.Conclusion The number of occupational noise-induced deafness is rising in Chongqing from 2011-2018,showing obvious regions and industries distribution.It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control of noise deafness in automobile manufac-turing,non-metallic mineral products,railways,ships,aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing industries.