2015—2018年榆林市新报告职业性尘肺流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of newly reported occupational pneumoconiosis in Yulin City from 2015-2018

目的了解榆林市2015—2018年职业性尘肺病新发病情况,为职业病的防治提供参考依据。方法收集职业病危害因素监测信息系统中2015年1月1日—2018年12月31日榆林市职业性尘肺病新发病例资料,分析病种、发病年龄、发病病例户籍所在地、行业分布及经济类型等特点。结果 2015—2018年榆林市共计尘肺病新发病例722例,其中尘肺壹期653例,尘肺贰期40例,尘肺叁期29例;尘肺病类型以煤工尘肺为主;新发病例主要集中在烟煤和无烟煤开采洗选(590例,81.72%)和煤炭开采和洗选辅助活动(96例,13.29%);新发病例中户籍为榆林市本地户籍的为328例,占45.42%。其余外地户籍为394例,占54.57%,集中分布在内蒙古自治区、黑龙江省、湖北省和陕西省其他地市户籍;新发病例发病年龄主要集中在40~<60岁,平均发病年龄为50.58岁。发病工龄主要集中在<10和10~<20年。结论 2015—2018年榆林市职业性尘肺病患者人数呈现逐年上升趋势,以煤工尘肺为主,主要分布在煤炭行业,新发病例户籍所在地主要为榆林市,相关部门和企业应在加强防护举措的同时,还须切实做好职业病筛查工作以预防职业病的发生。

Objective To understand the newly reported occupational pneumoconiosis in Yulin City from 2015-2018,provide reference for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases.Methods The data of newly reported occupational pneumoconiosis in Yulin City from January 1,2015 to December 31,2018 were collected from the monitoring information system of occupational disease hazards,to analyze the characteristics of the disease type,age of onset,location of household registration of cases,industry distribution and economic type.Results There were 722 new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yulin City from 2015-2018,including653 cases of pneumoconiosis stageⅠ,40 cases of pneumoconiosis stageⅡ,and 29 cases of pneumoconiosis stageⅢ.The type of pneumoconiosis was mainly coal worker’s pneumoconiosis.New cases were mainly concentrated in bituminous and anthracite min-ing and washing(590 cases,81.72%)and auxiliary activities in coal mining and washing(96 cases,13.29%).There were 328 new cases registered in Yulin City,accounting for 45.42%,and remaining 394 cases had the non-local household registration,accounting for 54.57%,which concentrated in Inner Mongolia Province,Heilongjiang Province,Hubei Province and other cities in Shaanxi Province.The age of onset of new cases was mainly 40-<60 years old,with an average age of 50.58 years old.The working age of onset was mainly<10 years and 10-<20 years.Conclusion The number of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Yulin City from 2015-2018 has been increasing year by year,which is mainly coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and concentrated in the coal in dustry,and the new cases are mainly located in Yulin City.The relevant departments and enterprises should strengthen the protective measures,and implement the occupational disease screening to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.