2017年柳州市重点职业病职业健康检查结果

Results of occupational health examination for key occupational diseases in Liuzhou City in 2017

目的了解2017年柳州市噪声、煤尘和苯作业工人在岗期间的职业健康状况,从而为职业病防治工作提供参考依据。方法对从'中国疾病预防控制信息系统'子系统'职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统'导出的'职业健康检查个案卡'有关2017年柳州市噪音、煤尘及苯作业工人在岗期间职业健康检查数据进行分析。结果 2017年柳州市重点职业病职业健康检查共9 778人,发现职业病人数8例(职业性噪声聋7例,煤工尘肺1例),疑似噪声聋23例;噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d B(A)有667例,异常率为9.19%,在不同年龄、性别、工龄和企业规模4个维度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中年龄组≥50岁异常率最高(20.92%),男性(9.42%)异常率高于女性(5.41%),随着工龄增加,异常率呈增高趋势,工龄在25~29年检出异常率最高(22.91%),微小企业异常率高于大中型企业;高仟伏或数字成像(DR)胸片异常人数为49例,异常率为1.35%,异常情况随工龄增加,呈明显的增高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在工龄≥25年组异常率最高(2.16%)。不同年龄、性别及企业规模间DR胸片异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),年龄组在40~49岁异常率最高(2.82%),女性(8.42%)异常高于男性(0.96%),中小型企业异常率高于大型企业;用力肺活量实测值占预测值的百分比(FVC%)异常76例(2.09%);苯作业工人职业健康检查人数为1 173人,白细胞计数<4×109/L人数为4例,异常率为0.34%。结论 2017年柳州市噪音、煤尘及苯作业工人在岗期间职业危害以噪声为主,职业性噪声聋已成为柳州市首要关注的职业病病种,小微型企业噪声作业人员的危害尤为严重,煤尘作业的防控工作亦不容忽视。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of workers exposed to noise,coal dust and benzene in Liuzhou City in 2017,provide reference for occupational disease prevention and control.Methods The data of on-the-job occupational health examination of workers exposed to noise,coal dust and benzene in Liuzhou City in 2017 were derived from the'Occupational Health Examination Case Card'from'Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System'of the'Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System',and were analyzed.Results A total of 9 778 workers received on-the-job health examination for key occupational diseases in Liuzhou City in 2017,and there were eight cases of occupational diseases(including seven cases of occupational noise-induced hearing loss and one case of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis)and 23 cases of suspected noise induced deafness.In the pure tone audiometry,there were 667 cases of binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold≥40 dB,with the abnormal rate of 9.19%.The differences were statistically sig nificant among different age,gender,working age and enterprise scale(P<0.01).The abnormal rate in workers aged≥50 years old was the highest(20.92%).The abnormal rate in males(9.42%)was significantly higher than that in females(5.41%).The abnormal rate showed a rising trend with the increase of working years,and the abnormal rate in workers with working age of 25-29 years old was the highest(22.91%).The abnormal rate of small micro enterprises was significantly higher t han that of large and medium-sized enterprises.There were 49 workers with the abnormal results of high k V chest radiograph or digital radiography(DR),with the abnormal rate of 1.35%.The abnormal rate showed a significant rising trend with the increase of working years,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the abnormal rate in workers with working age≥25 years old was the highest(2.16%).The difference in abnormal rate was statistically significant between age,sex and enterprise scale groups(P<0.01).The abnormal rate in 40-49 year-old age group was the highest(2.82%).The abnormal rate in females(8.42%)was significantly higher than that in males(0.96%).The abnormal rate of small and medium-sized enterprises was higher than that of large enterprises.There were 76 workers(2.09%)with abnormal results of percentage of measured value to predicted value of forced vital capacity(FVC%).1 173 benzene-exposed workers received the occupational health examination,and there were four workers with the white blood count<4×109/L,with the abnormal rate of 0.34%.Conclusion Noise-exposed workers are the main population for the on-the-job occupational health examination in Liuzhou City in 2017.The occupational noise-induced hearing loss has become the first occupational disease in Liuzhou City.The occupational health risk of noise-exposed workers in small micro enterprises is particularly serious.And the prevention and control of coal dust should not be neglected.