唐山市医护人员抑郁症状临床异质性研究

Study on clinical heterogeneity of depressive symptoms in medical staff in Tangshan City

目的了解唐山市医院医护人员抑郁发生情况,对医生与护士抑郁症状的临床异质性进行比较。方法于2017年2—5月,对唐山市多家医院940名医护工作者进行调查,其中医生450人,护士650人。采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对其抑郁症状进行评价。结果医生抑郁症状发生率在不同职称(χ~2=14.432)、科研时间(χ~2=8.552)及值夜班情况方面(χ~2=14.353)比较,护士抑郁症状发生率在不同年龄分布(χ~2=8.243)、职称(χ~2=8.243)及医院等级(χ~2=22.854)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。医护人员总体及医生组CES-D总分在不同职称比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=2.950、6.802,均P<0.05)。而不同年龄阶段中,年龄≤30岁护士的抑郁得分高于31~40岁护士的CES-D总分,差异有统计学意义(F=3.451,P<0.05)。医生与护士抑郁症状发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.644,P<0.05)。医生与护士CES-D总分、抑郁情绪、积极情绪、躯体症状与活动迟滞维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.947、-3.553、2.326、-4.338,均P<0.05),而人际维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论唐山市多家医院的医生与护士抑郁症状存在异质性,护士较医生抑郁发生率高,且在抑郁情绪及躯体症状与活动迟滞维度方面,护士比医生严重,而在积极情绪方面,医生优于护士。

Objective To understand the depression incidence in medical staff in Tangshan City,compare the clinical heterogeneity of depressive symptoms of doctors and nurses.Methods A total of 940 medical care workers(450 doctors and 650 nurses)in several hospitals in Tangshan City were surveyed between February and May 2017.Their depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CES-D)scale.Results There were significant differences in the incidence of depressive symptoms among doctors with different professional titles(χ~2=14.432),research time(χ~2=8.552)and night shifts(χ~2=14.353),and among nurses with different age distribution(χ~2=8.243),professional titles(χ~2=8.243)and hospital grades(χ~2=22.854,P<0.05).The total score of CES-D of the medical staff and the doctor group was significantly different in different professional titles(F=2.950、6.802,both P<0.05).In different age stages,the score of depression of nurses aged less than 30 years was higher than that of nurses aged 31-40 years,and the difference was statistically significant(F=3.451,P<0.05).There was significant difference in the incidence of depression between doctors and nurses(χ~2=6.644,P<0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in the total CES-D score、the scores of the dimensions of depression,positive emotion,somatic symptoms and delayed activit y be tween doctors and nurses(t=-2.947、-3.553,2.326,-4.338,all P<0.05).Th e difference in interpersonal relationship score was not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion There is heterogeneity in depressive symptoms between doctors and nurses in several hospitals in Tangshan City.The prevalence of depression among nurses was higher than that among doctors.In addition,in nurses,the dimensions of depression and somatic and retarded activity were more severe than those in doctors.However,doctors have better positive emotions than nurses.