“忍三分寒”源流考辨及其现代保健意义

Study on Origin and Development of “Enduring a Bit of Cold” and its Significance in Modern Health Care

"忍三分寒"作为一种小儿基本保健方法为历代医家所关注,但由于其概念、应用方法及价值等问题不够明晰,以至于不能引起现代人的足够重视,甚至反其道而行之,出现"蒙被综合征"甚至冬季"中暑"的情况。从文献角度研究,探知"忍三分寒"诸语肇始于隋唐,形成于南宋,发展于明清。其理论依据是小儿纯阳之体以及稚阴稚阳理论。重在使小儿穿衣适度,以令小儿无汗出为度。具体为薄衣之法、不衣裘裳与新绵和头胸部保持微凉3条。"忍三分寒"能够预防"暖病",提高小儿机体免疫功能,改善运动能力,促进身心健康发展,具有重要的现代保健意义。

As a basic method of children health care,the concept,'enduring a bit of cold'has drawn attention of Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners in all dynasties.However,due to it vague definition,application and values,modern people are prone to ignore or even disobey it,resulting in'Meng Bei Pattern'or'heatstroke'in winter.Based on literature,this paper analyzes its origin and discovers that the related terms of'enduring a bit of cold'originated in Sui and Tang Dynasties,formed in Southern Song Dynasty and further developed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Its theoretical basics are'Children Pure-yang Theory'and'Immature Yin and Yang Theory'.The emphasis lies in its application,which advocates children wear clothes properly without the result of sweating.Specifically,there are three ways to wear properly:thin clothes,no mink or new cotton,and head as well as chest staying slightly cool.'Enduring a bit of cold',with important meaning in modern health care,can prevent'warm disease',improve the immune function of children,promote sports ability,and enhance physical and mental health.