海南苍耳子挥发油对支气管哮喘大鼠气道重塑及肺组织Ⅲ型前胶原含量的影响

Effects of Volatile Oil from Fructus Xanthii in Hainan on Airway Remodeling and Content of Pulmonary Procollagen Type Ⅲ in Bronchial Asthmatic Rats

目的探讨海南苍耳子挥发油对支气管哮喘模型大鼠气道重塑及肺组织Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ)含量的影响。方法采摘海南当地苍耳子炒制干燥,去刺,采用回流法提取苍耳子挥发油,SD大鼠雌雄各半,共48只,分为正常组,模型组,苍耳子挥发油低、中、高剂量组,地塞米松组,每组8只。除正常组外其余用卵蛋白致敏并雾化吸入法诱发大鼠支气管哮喘模型。苍耳子挥发油给药组从第一次哮喘激发开始(造模后第4周)至处死前每天通过喷雾给予苍耳子挥发油干预,共干预4周。取肺组织4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋切片,HE染色观察支气管肺组织形态学改变。采用ELISA法测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中PC-Ⅲ含量变化。结果模型组总管壁厚度(WAt/Pbm)、内壁厚度(WAi/Pbm)和平滑肌厚度(WAm/Pbm)均高于正常组(P <0.05)。苍耳子挥发油中、高剂量组总管壁厚度、内壁厚度和平滑肌厚度显著降低,与模型组相比差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与正常组相比,模型组支气管肺泡灌洗液中PC-Ⅲ含量显著升高(P <0.05)。与模型组相比,苍耳子挥发油低、中、高剂量组支气管肺泡灌洗液中PC-Ⅲ含量显著降低(P <0.05)。结论海南苍耳子挥发油可通过降低肺组织总管壁厚度、内壁厚度和平滑肌厚度,降低支气管肺泡灌洗液中PC-Ⅲ含量,从而抑制支气管哮喘大鼠气道重塑。

Objective To investigate the effects of volatile oil from Fructus Xanthii in Hainan on airway remodeling and content of pulmonary procollagen typeⅢ(PC-Ⅲ)in bronchial asthmatic rats.Methods The local Fructus Xanthii in Hainan was dried and removed the thorn,and the volatile oil of Fructus Xanthii was extracted by reflux method.48 SD rats,with the equal number of male and female,which were divided into normal group,model group,low,medium and high doses of volatile oil from Fructus Xanthii,and dexamethasone group,eight in each group.The asthma model of rat was established by ovalbumin sensitization except normal group.Volatile oil of Fructus Xanthii administration group was treated with Xanthium volatile oil by spraying from the first asthma challenge(four weeks after model establishment)to the day before sacrifice for four weeks.The lung tissues were fixed with 4%paraformaldehyde and embedded with paraffin.Morphological changes of bronchopulmonary tissue were observed by HE staining.The contents of PC-Ⅲin bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were determined by ELISA.Results The total bronchial wall thickness(WAt/Pbm),inner airway wall thickness(WAi/Pbm)and smooth muscle thickness(WAm/Pbm)of the model group were higher than the normal group(P<0.05).The total bronchial wall thickness,inner airway wall thickness and smooth muscle thickness of the middle and high doses of volatile oil of Fructus Xanthium were significantly lower than the model group(P<0.05).Compared with normal group,the content of PC-Ⅲin BALF increased significantly in model group(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the content of PC-Ⅲin BALF was significantly decreased in the low,middle and high dose groups of volatile oil of Fructus Xanthium(P<0.05).Conclusion The volatile oil of Fructus Xanthii could inhibit airway remodeling in bronchial asthma rats by reducing the total bronchial wall thickness,inner airway wall thickness and smooth muscle thickness,and decreasing the content of PC-Ⅲin BALF.