民族地区职业院校学生创业能力调查——以新疆部分职业院校为样本

Investigation on Entrepreneurial Ability of Vocational College Students in Ethnic Areas——The Case of Part of Vocational Colleges in Xinjiang

创业能力作为个体创业活动过程中的核心因素,对于创业成败起关键性作用,而个体创业能力的培养本身又受到环境、教育和政策等因素的影响。通过问卷调查发现,职业院校学生的创业素质元素良莠不齐、职业院校学生对创业知识重要性的认知不足、创业实践能力成为职业院校学生创业过程中的首要障碍。分析还发现,同辈群体核心人物的创业示范效应、家庭对创业的支持程度、社会公众及媒体对创业的赞誉度;创业教育的常态化、吸引力、专业性;创业政策的针对性、系统性及政策执行主体责任意识是影响新疆职业院校学生创业能力的主要因素。应从创业环境、创业教育和创业政策三个维度探索提升新疆职业院校学生创业能力的路径。

Entrepreneurial ability,as the core factor in the process of individual entrepreneurial activity,plays a key role in the success or failure of entrepreneurship,while the cultivation of individual entrepreneurial ability is influenced by environment,education and policies.According to the questionnaire survey,it is found that vocational college students’entrepreneurial quality are uneven,vocational college students are short of awareness of the importance of entrepreneurial knowledge,and the entrepreneurial practice ability has become the primary obstacles in the process of vocational college students’entrepreneurship.The analysis also finds that the main factors affecting entrepreneurship ability of students of vocational colleges in Xinjiang include four aspects of the demonstrative effect of the core figures of the peer group,the degree of family support for entrepreneurship,the degree of public and media praise for entrepreneurship,the normalization,attraction and professionalism of entrepreneurship education;as well as the pertinence and systematicness of entrepreneurship policy and the sense of responsibility of the subject of policy implementation.Based on this,it is necessary to explore ways to improve students’entrepreneurial ability in Xinjiang vocational colleges from three dimensions of environment,education and policy.