“核心素养”背景下韩国中小学职业生涯教育探究

Career Education of Primary and Secondary Schools in South Korea under the Background of Core Quality

韩国已建立了完备的中小学职业生涯教育体系,与大学的职业生涯教育相衔接。以韩国中小学生应当具备的"核心素养"体系为基础设计的"自我认识与社交能力""职业与工作世界理解能力""生涯探索能力"和"生涯设计与准备能力"四个维度下的小学、初中和高中三个学段的职业生涯教育目标相互联系、逐层递进。职业生涯教育的实施策略主要由课程统合型职业生涯教育和学年·学期集中制两部分组成。国家政策与社会资源的支持、学校与家庭力量的合力构成了政府、社会、学校、家庭四位一体的保障机制,保证职业生涯教育的顺利开展。韩国中小学职业生涯教育的体系构建和实践经验对我国中小学开展职业生涯教育具有一定借鉴意义。

The career education of primary and secondary schools in South Korea has gone through a long-term exploration.It shapes the basic curriculum framework to promote the development of students in four domains:self-awareness and social skills;understanding ability of career;career exploring ability and career design and preparation ability.It is gradually transferred into the basic ability framework.The career education of primary and secondary schools are implemented through curriculum integration career education and school year semester centralism.The guarantee mechanism which consists of government,society,schools and families supports its implementation.After years of practice and development,career education in South Korea has been achieved abundant achievement,and it is worth to be referenced by China.