新型产业工人技能形成体系的构建研究

Research on the Construction of Skill-formation System of Industrial Workers

我国产业工人结构已发生巨大变化,技能形成是农民工、传统产业工人、青年技术工人等群体转型发展的关键;加快推动技能形成,是国家长治久安、产业转型升级、解决就业结构性矛盾的必然要求。目前我国技能形成体系存在培训政策取向工具化、雇主参与意愿偏低、劳动者学习风险偏高、认证机制失灵等问题。新时期构建新型产业工人技能形成体系,要从技能投入、技能供应、技能使用、技能评价四个环节着手,分别构建多元的成本分担体系、持续的生涯教育体系、开放的劳动力用工体系、产出导向的质量评估体系。当前,我国职业教育改革要牢牢把握'供给侧''结构性''改革性'三个关键词,推动职业教育的供给侧发力,着眼育人系统的结构性调整,促进技能形成体系的改革发展。

The structure of China’s industrial workers has undergone tremendous changes,and the skill-formation is the key to the transformation and development of migrant workers,traditional industrial workers and young skilled workers.To accelerate the skillformation is an inevitable requirement for the lasting stability of the country,industrial transformation and upgrading,and solutions to employment contradiction.There are some problems in skill-formation system in China,such as the instrumentalism of training policy,the low willingness of employers to invest,the high risk of workers to learn,and the malfunctioning of certification mechanism.In order to reconstruct the skill-formation system of industrial workers in the new period,we should start in four areas:skill input,skill supply,skill utilization and skill evaluation.We should construct a multiple cost-sharing system,a continuous career education system,an open laboremployment system and an output-oriented evaluation system.At present,China’s vocational education reform should firmly focus on three words of the'supply side''structure'and'reform',to promote supply-side force in vocational education and training,to emphasize on structural adjustment of educational patterns,and to push forward the reform for skill-formation system.