标准取向的南非中等职业教育：背景、困境与进路

Standards-based Secondary TVET in South Africa:Context, Challenge and Improvement

新南非政府在教育领域开展了成果本位、资格驱动的改革,使学生在不同类型和层次教育之间实现相互联通与转换成为可能。采用标准取向的南非中等职业教育把成果和能力作为课程设计、实施和评价的基本依据,否认了知识的差异,降低了知识的地位,不利于实现中等职业教育的双重目标,即培养技术工人和提供高等教育通道。融合取向在承认知识差异的前提下,主张为所有学生提供更有力量的专门化知识,应该成为南非中等职业教育改进的可行路径。

The new South Africa Government introduced outcomes-based and qualification-driven education reform,which makes it possible for students to transfer between different types and levels of education.Taking learning outcome and competence as the foundation of curriculum design,implementation and evaluation,the standards-based approach in secondary TVET curriculum denied the difference of knowledge and reduced the status of knowledge,which is not helpful for the realization of double objects.On the premise of acknowledging knowledge differences,the integration orientation claims that providing more powerful specialized knowledge to all students should be a feasible path to improve secondary vocational education in South Africa.