教育与劳动结合可能性的教育哲学阐释

An Interpretation of the Combination of Education and Labor from the Perspective of Educational Philosophy

对于劳动的价值问题讨论由来已久。洛克从政治哲学的视角确认劳动的价值,目的是自由主义的实现;马克思从政治经济学的角度讨论劳动的概念,论述了资本主义劳动的本质问题等。其中,马克思还肯定劳动在教育中的价值,提出教劳结合的教育原则。同时,正因为劳动观念的历史变革,也就是劳动从作为生存手段到行动方式的转变,从奴役劳动到生命劳动的转变以及从劳动生产力到劳动创造力的转变这一系列变革,促使劳动与教育的结合成为了可能。而具有劳动性质的教育和具有教育性质的劳动成为两者结合的重要特征。身心统一发展的教育目的、以活动课为主的课程方式、以劳动过程为主的教学内容和作为整体性发展的教育评价是在劳动与教育可能性的结合后对教育系统的充实。

The discussion of the value of labor has been around for a long time.Locke confirmed the value of labor from the perspective of political philosophy,the purpose is the realization of liberalism;Marx discussed the concept of labor from the perspective of political economy,and discussed the essence of capitalist labor.Among them,Marx also affirmed the value of labor in education and proposed the educational principle of combining teaching and labor.At the same time,it is precisely because of the historical changes in the concept of labor,that is,the transformation of labor from the means of survival to the mode of action,the transformation from slave labor to life labor,and the transformation of labor productivity to labor creativity,promoting labor and education.The combination has become possible.The education of labor nature and the labor of educational nature become an important feature of the combination of the two.the educational purpose of the unified development of body and mind,the course mode based on activity class,the teaching content based on labor process and the evaluation of education as a whole development are the enrichment of the education system after the combination of labor and education possibilities.