职业技能提升行动应偏重提升专用性人力资产吗？——基于CHIPS2013的实证研究

Should Skill-building Initiatives Focus on Specific Human Assets?——Based on the Empirical Study of CHIPS2013

受城乡二元结构和主客观条件制约,进城务工人员很难真正融入城市,职业流动频繁。基于中国居民收入调查数据库2013年的数据,从实证和理论两方面对人力资产专用性如何影响职业稳定性进行剖析和检验发现,人力资产专用性越高,进城务工人员的就业越稳定,反之亦然,其影响机制在于搜寻成本和议价的能力。我国在2019-2021年职业技能提升行动中应着重提升进城务工者人力资产专用性及其累积,使得这一群体保持适度并向上的职业流动,助推其市民化进程,促进城乡融合发展。

Restricted by the dual structure of urban and rural areas and subjective and objective conditions,it is difficult for migrant workers to truly integrate into the city,and occupational mobility is frequent.Based on the data of CHIPS2013,this paper analyzes and tests how human asset specificity affects occupational stability from both empirical and theoretical aspects.The higher the specificity of human resources,the more stable the employment of migrant workers,and vice versa.The influence mechanism lies in the search cost and bargaining power.In the action of vocational skill upgrading in 2019-2021,the government should focus on improving the specificity and accumulation of human assets of migrant workers in cities,so as to maintain moderate and upward occupational mobility of this group,boost the process of citizenization,and promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas.