词内语境和刺激类型对普通话阴平—阳平感知的影响

Effects of Internal Context and Stimuli Type on the Categorical Perception of Mandarin Tone1 and Tone2

本文使用雷琴音合成的非言语刺激连续统,通过辨认和区分实验研究了双字词语境下北京被试对阴平和阳平声调的感知情况,并与相关言语刺激实验做了系统对比。实验发现,目标字位置和参照字调类对声调的辨认和区分都有一定影响,其中因目标字位置不同而产生影响更具显著性。缺乏音段信息的雷琴实验在各项参数上表现为组内差距更小,但是音段信息的有无对声调范畴感知并不能产生决定性影响。不同的刺激类型对声调感知的助益作用不同,刺激类型和语境在声调的感知中同时起作用。

The paper presents the native speakers'categorical perception of Mandarin Tone1 and Tone 2within a set of minimum contrasts(eight groups of disyllabic words which are distinguished in tones)in the form of Mandarin speech tone as well as in the homologous non-speech harmonic tone synthesized with Leiqin sound.The results from both the identification and the discrimination tests show that native speakers are influenced by the positions of target tones and the types of reference tones,with the former playing a more significant role.The lack of segmental information weakens the internal difference in the word pairs,but it does not greatly interfere with the tonal perception.Different stimuli assist the tonal perception to different degrees,and there also exists a combined effect of stimuli type and context in the perception of tones.