粤东地区高血压住院患者的现状调查

Investigation and Analysis on the Current Situation of Inpatients with Hypertension in Eastern Guangdong

目的探讨粤东地区高血压患者抗高血压药物使用情况及影响血压的相关因素,为医院临床和卫生主管部门采取针对性血压防控措施提供科学依据。方法采取临床药师面对面交谈、填写调查表及查阅医嘱方式,对2018年7—12月于大峰医院心血管科高血压中心住院的752例高血压患者的一般情况、饮食生活状况、抗高血压药物使用情况、用药依从性及与影响血压的相关因素进行调查分析。结果调查752例高血压患者的现状,合并糖尿病的患者最多,占36.70%;以高危患者为主。单药治疗患者中,使用最多的是钙离子拮抗剂(CCB),采用单药非复方制剂控制血压患者占11.3%;联合治疗方案中三药联用患者最多,两药联用次之;另外采用单片复方制剂治疗的患者最少,占5.72%。文化程度较低、高盐饮食、少食水果、缺乏运动、用药依从性差患者比例均较高,而男性吸烟喝酒比例明显高于女性;而影响患者用药依从性的主要原因是服用药物过多、忘记服药以及对疾病认识不够。结论粤东地区高血压患者的伴发疾病、用药方案、生活方式等均影响血压控制,临床及卫生主管部门宜采取针对性措施,加大高血压知识宣传、教育,普及高血压防控理念,同时积极发挥临床药师的药学服务功能,共同做好本地区高血压的防治工作。

Objective To explore the use of antihypertensive medicines and the related factors affecting blood pressure in patients with hypertension in eastern Guangdong,and to provide scientific basis for the hospitals and health authorities to take pertinent measures to prevent and control blood pressure.Methods By means of face-to-face conversation with clinical pharmacists,filling out questionnaires and referring to doctor’s advice,752 hypertensive patients hospitalized in the Hypertension Center of Cardiovascular Department of Dafeng Hospital from July,2018 to December 2018 were investigated and analyzed in terms of general conditions,dietary and living conditions,use of antihypertensive medicines,medication compliance and related factors affecting blood pressure.Results To investigate the current status of 752 patients with hypertension,the most patients were with diabetes,accounting for 36.70%,and most of them being high-risk patients.Calcium ion antagonists(CCB)were the most frequently used medicines in single-medicine treatment.11.3%of the patients used single-medicine non-compound preparation to control blood pressure.In the combined treatment scheme,the combination of three medicines was the most common,followed by the combination of two medicines.In addition,the patients treated with single-tablet compound preparation were the least,accounting for 5.72%.The proportion of patients with low educational level,high salt diet,less fruit,lack of exercise and poor medicine compliance was higher,while the proportion of men smoking and drinking was significantly higher than that of women.The main reasons affecting medicine compliance of patients were as follows:taking too many medicines,forgetting to take medicines and understanding of disease.Conclusion The concomitant diseases,medication schemes and lifestyle of hypertension patients in eastern Guangdong affect the control of blood pressure.Hospitals and health authorities should take pertinent measures to improve the publicity and education of hypertension knowledge and popularize the concept of hypertension prevention and control.Meanwhile,clinical pharmacists should play an active role in the pharmaceutical service and jointly do a good job in the prevention and treatment of hypertension in this area.