2008-2012年重庆市涪陵区学校传染病疫情分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Infectious Diseases in Schools of Fuling District,Chongqing,2008-2012

目的掌握涪陵区中小学生、托幼儿童传染病发病情况,为制定控制策略提供科学依据。方法根据中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出的疫情数据,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2008-2012年涪陵区共计报告传染病22 689例,中小学生、幼托儿童传染病报告病种24种3 507例,占报告病例总数的15.43%。发病居前5位的分别为流行性腮腺炎、肺结核、流行性感冒、其它感染性腹泻病、手足口病,分别占学生发病的36.64%、18.42%、6.67%、6.22%和6.02%。中学生发病高于小学生,小学生发病高于幼托儿童。结论学生传染病发病以呼吸道和肠道传染病为主,突发公共卫生事件大部分发生在中小学校,说明学校是传染病疫情暴发的主要场所。因此,学校应以防控急性呼吸道传染病和消化道传染病为重点,采取相应综合性预防和控制措施,防止学校传染病的暴发和流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in the schools in Fuling district,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious disease in schools. Methods Data were collected through China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention and Descriptive epidemiological analysis were conducted on the data. Results A total of 22 689 cases were reported in Fuling district from 2008- 2012,of which 3 507(15. 43%)cases within 24 categories school infectious diseases were reported. The top five high incidence diseases were mumps,tuberculosis,influenza,other infectious diarrhea and hand- foot- and- mouth disease,respectively accounting for 36. 64%,18. 42%,6. 67%,6. 22% and 6. 02%. The incidence of the disease in middle school students was significantly higher than that in pupils,and the incidence in pupils was significantly higher than that in kindergarten children. Conclusion The primary and middle schools are the vulnerable places for infectious diseases prevalence,with respiratory diseases and intestinal infectious diseases as the main disease. Thus,targeted and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out against the outbreak and prevalence of the infectious disease in schools.