上海市普陀区某医院868例中毒病例特征分析

Characteristics of 868 poisoning cases treated in a hospital in Putuo District in Shanghai

[目的]探索引起上海市某区及其周边居民中毒的原因、毒物类型、病例分布及流行规律等,为预防和控制中毒事故的发生提供科学依据。[方法]对2014年1月1日—2017年12月31日期间收治的所有868例中毒病例进行分析。[结果]中毒患者以男性为主(占65.4%),中毒病例的年龄集中在20～39岁(占58.8%),27.2%的中毒患者是技术工人。中毒患者所涉及的毒物共5类12种。位居中毒人数前三的中毒原因是:酒精中毒671例(占77.3%)、误服误用75例(8.6%)、食物中毒32例(3.7%);71.9%的食物中毒发生在5—10月,该时期是食物中毒的高发期。中毒患者中共有6人经抢救无效死亡,致死率0.7%。[结论]应充分发挥病例监测与中毒事件预防相辅相成的作用,提高健康教育和健康干预的针对性和有效性。

[Objective]To understand the poisoning reason,the types of poisons,the characteristics of patients treated in Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital and to provide orientation for the improvement of poisoning monitoring,prevention and control.[Methods]The data of 868 poisoning patients treated during January 1,2014 to December 31,2017 were collected and analyzed.[Results]The majority of the poisoning patients were male(65.4%)with the age varied from 20 to 39 years old(58.8%),and 27.2%of them were skilled workers.There were 5 kinds with 12 agents involved in these poisoning cases.The top three causes of poisoning were alcoholism(671 cases,77.3%),misuse of drugs(75 cases,8.6%)and foodborne poisoning(32 cases,3.7%);71.9%of foodborne poisoning occurred during May and October,which may be the period of highest foodborne poisoning.Six of the poisoning patients died after rescue with a fatality rate of 0.7%.[Conclusion]We should full utilize the complementary role of poisoning case monitoring and poison prevention to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of health education and health intervention on poisoning control.