凤阳地区石英砂企业管理人员职业卫生知识、态度、行为及需求调查

Survey on knowledge,attitude,practice and needs on occupational health of managers in quartz sand enterprises in Fengyang area

[目的]调查凤阳地区石英砂企业管理人员职业卫生知识知晓率及职业卫生技术服务需求情况。[方法]选取凤阳县7个地区石英砂生产、加工或原料使用等53家企业职业卫生部门负责人,用调查表形式进行调查,并对数据进行统计学分析。[结果] 53名调查对象的职业卫生知识平均得分为(53.21±12.76)分。不同年龄、文化程度管理者知识得分不同,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),且年龄低者、文化程度高者得分为高。不同工龄管理者态度得分差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),工龄短(<1年)者得分最低。行为得分分析中,男性得分高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。职业卫生知识得分与文化程度呈正相关(r=0.357,P <0.05),与年龄负相关(r=-0.463,P <0.05),态度与行为存在正相关(r=0.443,P <0.01)。职业卫生管理人员了解职业卫生知识的主要途径为专业培训,愿意了解职业病与职业卫生相关知识的人员比例大于90%,企业管理者对职业卫生管理认识中,认同率最高的为企业应该配备专(兼)职人员负责职业卫生事务(94.3%),最低的为职业病危害因素控制措施花费太多,超出企业承受能力(32.1%)。[结论]凤阳地区石英砂企业管理者对职业卫生知识与职业卫生服务有较高的需求,需要有关部门进一步引导。

[Objective]To investigate the occupational health knowledge awareness and demand on occupational health service of managers in quartz sand enterprises in Fengyang area.[Methods]Totally 53 occupational health manager in enterprises related to quartz sand production,processing and raw material usage in 7 regions were surveyed with questionnaire.[Results]The average score of occupational health knowledge of 53 respondents was(53.21±12.76),varied with age,educational level and employment time of managers(P<0.05),and the younger,more educated and longer employed managers got higher scores.The managers with management time less than one year had the lowest attitude score(P<0.05).Male managers had a higher behavioral score than females(P<0.05).The occupational health knowledge score was positively correlated with educational level(r=0.357,P<0.05),negatively correlated with age(r=-0.463,P<0.05).The attitude score was positively correlated with the behavioral score(r=0.443,P<0.01).The training was the main way for them to get occupational health knowledge.More than 90%of them were willing to master the knowledge related to occupational health.Most managers(94.3%)thought that enterprises should employ the full-time staff responsible for occupational health relevant issues,while only 32.1%managers thought that cost of control measures against occupational hazard in their enterprises was too much beyond their affordability.[Conclusion]The managers in quartz sand enterprises in Fengyang area have a high demand on occupational health knowledge and occupational health services.The governmental agency should note this and give more guidance.